急危重症的监护.pptxVIP

急危重症的监护;急危重症监护;History of Critical Care;History of Critical Care;In 1927, the first hospital premature-born infant care center was established at the Sarah Morris Hospital in Chicago During World War II, shock wards were established to resuscitate and care for soldiers injured in battle or undergoing surgery The nursing shortage, which followed World War II, forced the grouping of postoperative patients in recovery rooms to ensure attentive care ;In 1947-1948, the polio (poliomyelitis) epidemic raged through Europe and the United States, resulting in a breakthrough in the treatment of patients dying from respiratory paralysis. Patients with respiratory paralysis and/or suffering from acute circulatory failure required intensive nursing care Bjorn Aage Ibsen (1915-2007) became involved in the poliomyelitis outbreak in Denmark; Patients were managed in 3 special 35 bed areas; In this fashion, mortality declined from 90% to around 25%. ;During the 1950s, the development of mechanical ventilation led to the organization of respiratory intensive care units (ICUs) in many European and American hospitals. Created in 1958, Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center?became the first multidisciplinary intensive care unit (ICU) in the United States.? ;By the late 1960s, most United States hospitals had at least one ICU. In 1970, an organization committed to meeting the needs of critical care patients: the Society of Critical Care Medicine (SCCM). Between 1990 and the present, critical care significantly reduced in-hospital time as well as costs incurred by patients with diseases such as cerebrovascular insufficiency and respiratory failure. ;Landmark of History of Critical Care;Landmark of History of Critical Care;Landmark of History of Critical Care;Polio Survivors in Iron Lung;Landmark of History of Critical Care;Landmark of History of Critical Care;;;急诊危重症监护地位的争议 ;Specialized types of ICUs include;急诊重症监护室的定位和发展前景——争议和困惑 与“危重医学”学科间的关系 ：“短期医疗行为” 还是“全程治疗 ” EICU也不同于急诊抢救室 ;EICU的位