构词法练习及其答案.docxVIP

高 考 能 力 测 试 构 词 法 W o r d F o r m a t i o n 一．合成 Compounding 两个或更多的词合成一个词。 方式：1. 直接写在一起。 2. 用连字符(-)连接。 3. 由两个分开的词构成。 (1) 方式 合成 adj 例词 adj＋adj red-hot adj＋n first-class, part-time adj＋现在 good-looking, 分词 free-thinking, full-time, adj＋过去 ready-made 分词 adj＋n-ed good-tempered, middle-aged, cold-blooded n＋n-ed n＋adj iron-willed world-famous, day-long n＋现在分 beauty-loving, 词 freedom-loving, job-hunting, n＋过去分 man-made, water-covered, 词 10adv＋adj ever-green 11adv ＋ 现 在 hard-working, far-seeing 分词 12adv ＋ 过 去 well-prepared, 分词 quickly-cured, well-known quickly-cured, well-known (2)合成动词 13 num＋ n five-year 构成方式 例词 14 num ＋ five-year-old 1 n＋v day-dream n+adj 2 adv＋v overcome, upturn 15num＋ 过去分 four-legged, six-storied 翻起 词 3 adj＋v white-wash 合成 n 构成方式 构成方式 例词 1 n＋n horseback , bank-note, newspaper, cellphone, 2 adj＋n back-yard, forehead, 3 动名词＋n hiding place, reading-room 4 v＋adv get-off, break in, 5 adv＋v output, overflow 合成 adv however, maybe, wherever, whenever, forever 合成代词 whoever,, whatever, everyone, nobody, myself, something, anything, （6）合 成 介 词 inside 在……里 后 缀 后 缀 例 词 形 -al central, industrial, national, 容 natural 词 -an European, American, Australian -ern eastern, northern, southern -able reasonable, terrible, comfortable, sensible horrible, believable, forgettable, -ful careful, cheerful, grateful, faithful, -ish childish, Swedish, selfish -ive destructive, collective, active, creative, effective -y thirsty, dirty, windy, sunny, cloudy, healthy, funny -less careless, hopeless, helpless, homeless, sleepless, fearless, limitless -en golden, wooden, woolen -ous courageous, famous, continuous, serious, various -ary imaginary, secondary revolutionary, -ic realistic, historic, poetic -some troublesome, lonesome, handsome burdensome, -like childlike, womanlike, manlike 二、派生 Derivation -ant ignorant, significant, 前缀 含义a- 处 在…… 例词arise, aside, alone observant, important -ent diligent, silent, excellent, frequent -ly lively, friendly, lovely, dis-不，否dissatisfy, di