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Toolkit for Mixed Studies Reviews In line with the PRISMA statement （PRISMA）,’Toolkit for Mixed Studies Reviews’ is structured by eights stages (QESISAES acronym). Stage 1: Formulate a review question In mixed studies reviews, there may be one qualitative question, or one quantitative question, or a qualitative and a quantitative question (see examples in the table below). Typical qualitative questions are ‘what?’, ‘how?’, and ‘why?’. Typical quantitative questions concern the incidence and prevalence of a problem or a risk factor, and the likelihood and significance of the association betwe