数量遗传1的学习教案.pptxVIP

数量遗传1的学习教案第1页/共24页 IntroductionWhat is Quantitative GeneticsWhy Quantitative GeneticsBasic knowledge for Quantitative Genetics Statistics Population Genetics第2页/共23页第2页/共24页 Brief historyFirst phase Period：1920 – 1960 Major feature：Formation of the theoretic system Dominant force: Combination of statistics and Mendelian genetics Important peasons：R.A. Fisher，S. Wright，J.B.S. Haldane， J.L. Lush，D.S. Falconer，Zhongxian WuR.A. FisherJ.L. LushZhongxian Wu第3页/共23页第3页/共24页 Brief historySecond phasePeriod：1960 – middle of 1980’sMajor feature: development and application of theory and methodology of mixed model equationsDominant force: infiltratating of computer scienceImportant persons: C.R. Henderson, A. Robertson, W.G. Hill，?C.R. HendersonW.G. Hill第4页/共23页第4页/共24页 Brief historyThird phasePeriod: middle of 1980’s – Major features: arise of molecular quantitative geneticsDominant force: Combination of molecular and quantitative geneticsImportant persons: ?? 第5页/共23页第5页/共24页 Chapter 1   Genetic constitution of a population第6页/共23页第6页/共24页 Frequencies of genes and genotypesThe main criteria for description of the genetic constitution of a population For a certain autosomal locus with two different alleles in the population allele genotype A1 A2 A1 A1 A1 A2 A2 A2frequency p q P H Q第7页/共23页第7页/共24页 Hardy-Weinberg equilibriumIn a large random mating population with no selection, mutation, or migration, for a autosomal locus： 1) when the gene frequencies are the same in males and females, the frequencies of genes and genotypes are constant from generation to generation 2) when the gene frequencies are different in males and females, the gene frequencies will be in equilibrium after a single generation of random mating第8页/共23页第8页/共24页 Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium3) under equilibrium，the relationship of gene and genotype frequencies i