浅淡避雷接地施工工作要点及施工质量控制措施.docVIP

摘要 摘要：避雷与接地是关系建筑物及人身生命安全的头等大事,目前，自然灾害的频频发生给人们的人身生命安全和财产带来了极大的威胁，而雷电灾害更是给建筑电气设备的正常工作造成了严重的影响，雷击时有强大电流通过,产生机械力和热效应,破坏建筑物和电气设备，所以建筑电气避雷接地系统的施工工作就显得尤为重要。但是在施工过程中,经常遇到施工或相关专业人员对避雷接地重视不够,认为其技术性不强,工艺较简单,范围又窄小,往往在施工中出现不规范作业或遗漏,也未能引起人们的警觉。因此本文对避雷接地的施工工作要点及施工质量控制进行一定的分析，并对电气避雷接地的重要性和要求进行了分析讨论，以警示人们为了我们的生命及财产的安全，我们一定要做好电气避雷接地工作。 关键词：自然灾害；避雷接地；工作要点；质量控制措施；人身生命安全财产  Abstract Abstract: the lightning protection and grounding is the relationship between the building and the personal safety of life priority, at present, the natural disasters occurred frequently to peoples personal lives and property has brought great threat, and the normal work of the thunder and lightning disasters but also to building electrical equipment caused serious influence, lightning strike through, there is a strong current to produce mechanical force and heat effect, destroying buildings and electrical equipment, so building electrical grounding system of construction work is particularly important. But in the process of construction, often meet with construction or related personnel of lightningproof grounding seriously insufficient, thought the technical is not strong, the technology is relatively simple, scope, narrow, often appear in construction non-standard operations or omission, also failed to raise alarm. So in this paper, the grounding of the main construction work and construction quality control, a certain analysis and the importance and the requirements for electrical grounding are analyzed and discussed, with a reminder for our life and property safety, we must work for electrical grounding. 绪论 雷电是伴有闪电和雷鸣的一种雄伟壮观而又有些令人生畏的放电现象。产生雷电的条件是雷雨云中有积累并形成极性。雷电分直击雷、球形雷、云闪、电磁脉冲四种。其中直击雷和球形雷都会对人和建筑造成危害，而电磁脉冲主要影响电子设备，主要是受感应作用所致；云闪由于是在两块云之间或一块云的两边发生，所以对人类危害最小。 在全球范围内,雷电发生的频率是很高的,每秒钟就有上百次雷电;每天会有800多万次雷电;一年中平均发生30多亿次雷电;因雷击而间接造成死亡的人数达上万人。在20世纪末,联合国组织的国际减灾十年活动中,把雷电灾害类为最严重的十大自然灾害之一。我国是雷电灾害频繁发生的地区,全国有21个省会城市雷暴日都在50天以上,最多可达134天。每年发生的雷电灾害有近万次,造成的人员伤亡有3000~4000人,直接经济损失达几十亿到上百亿人民币。直接雷击破坏性强,但是概率很低,间接雷击的危害却更广泛更严重