语法讲解_名词性从句.docxVIP

PAGE PAGE 1 名词性从句 名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同谓语从句。 一、 连接词 连接代词：that, what, who，which, whom，whose, whatever, whoever, whichever 等 连接副词：whether, how, why, when ,where, wherever等二、连接代词（除that 外）和连接副词在名词性从句中都有词义，它们除了引导名词性从句外，还在从句中充 当成分，即做主语、宾语、表语、定语和状语。 Who will go there is not important. Where she has gone hasn’t been known yet. I don’t know what I should do. He asked whose dictionary it was. Please tell me when we shall discuss our work plan. I have no idea how soon they are coming. 要注意以下几点问题： 1、连接代词‘that’的用法：在名词性从句中that 无词 义，在从句中不充当任何句子成分，只起连接从句的作用，在宾语从句中，that 在口语中可以省略。但在引导主语从句时不能省略。 That he was chosen made us very happy. We heard the news that our team had won. The truth is that he is the best in his class. He said (that) he would see me the next week. 2、引导宾语从句的 that 可省略，但及物动词后有两个宾语时， 可省略第一个 that, 不省略第二个 that；如有形式宾语时，连接真正宾语的 that 不能省略。 They made it a rule that they got up at six every day. 3、由连词 that 引导的名词从句很少做介词的宾语，只在except, but , besides 介词后看到，其他一些介词的宾语从句如果由连词 that 引导，需用 it 作形式宾语。 The girl has not changed at all except that she is no longer so talkative. You may depend on it that they will support you. 4、whether/if 的用法 常用 whether 而不宜用 if 的情况： 引导主语从句，置于句首 引导表语从句 介词后的宾语从句 与 or not 连用 引导同位语从句 动词不定式前 注意： doubt“怀疑”接宾语从句时，主句为肯定句用whether 或 if ，主句为否定句或疑问句用 that。 I doubt whether it is true or not. I doubt if it is true. I don’t doubt that what he said is correct. Do you doubt that what he said is correct? 三、使用名词性从句应注意的几个问题： 1） 名词性从句的语序必须是陈述句语序 I don’t know which team will win the match. That is why he came here. Whoever will go is not important. 主语从句、宾语从句如果太长，句子常显得笨重，因此，可把他们移到句子后面，前面用 it 作形式主语或宾语。 He took it for granted that what he had done was right. 常用 it 作形式主语的句型 It be +形容词（true, possible, probable…..）+ that 从句 It be + 名词词组（no wonder, a pity, an honor, no surprise, a secret …..）that 从句 It be + 过去分词（ said, reported, thought, believed, not decided, well-known …….）+that 从句 It seems/happens/appears 等不及物动词+that 从句 It doesn’t matter/makes no difference…..+连接代词或连接副词引导的从句 当 that