《医学院校研究生英语读与写（第四版）》 课件 Unit 3 Text A Why Should Human Beings Be Moral.pptx

医学院校研究生英语读与写(第四版）;English for Master Students in Medical Universities;Unit Three ;Outline ;5;6;Background information;;Background information;Background information;Background information;12;13;14;Background information;Background information;Background information;Background information;Background information;Global analysis of the text;Global analysis of the text;Global analysis of the text;Global analysis of the text;What disturbs me about the use of religion as the foundation of morality is the frequently made assumption that if there is no supernatural or religious basis for morality, then there can be no basis at all. (Para. 2);But if religion does not necessarily provide a “why” for morality, then what does? (Para.3);One can certainly argue on a basis of enlightened self-interest, that it is, at the very least, generally better to be good rather than bad and to create a world and society that is good rather than one that is bad. (Para. 4);“…I stand to benefit if I do and also because I could be ostracized or punished if I don’t.” (Para. 4);“…I stand to benefit if I do and also because I could be ostracized or punished if I don’t.” (Para. 4); …there are good reasons for being so. (Para. 5); It is interesting to note that most of us probably learned morality through being confronted with this argument, the religious argument, and the experiences surrounding them. (Para. 5);…provided that free questioning of the moral prescriptions that they have established or that they support is allowed and encouraged. (Para. 6); …provided that free questioning of the moral prescriptions that they have established or that they support is allowed and encouraged. (Para. 6);…provided that free questioning of the moral prescriptions that they have established or that they support is allowed and encouraged. (Para. 6);The self-interest argument can be a problem when other interests conflict with it;… in acting immorally in a particular situation that it is