《医学院校研究生英语读与写（第四版）》 课件 Unit 3 Text B Ethical Dilemmas in Tissue Engineering and 3D Printing.pptx

医学院校研究生英语读与写(第四版）;English for Master Students in Medical Universities;Unit Three ;Outline ;1. Introduction to the topic 3D printing opens up a world of new possibilities for all industries, and stands to lessen transportation costs, environmental impacts, waste, and reliance on corporations by enabling the maker movement. Moreover, 3D printing starts to benefit medicine with printed organs, tissues, etc. It seems quite a contributing advancement in medicine for human being. ;1. Introduction to the topic But 3D printers are still potentially hazardous, wasteful machines, and their societal, political, economic, and environmental impacts have not yet been studied extensively. ;2. Related background information A. Tissue engineering Tissue engineering is the use of a combination of cells, engineering and materials methods, and suitable biochemical and physicochemical factors to improve or replace biological functions. Tissue engineering involves the use of a scaffold for the formation of new viable tissue for a medical purpose. ;2. Related background information A. Tissue engineering . ;9;B. 3D printing The term 3D printing covers a variety of processes in which material is joined or solidified under computer control to create a three-dimensional object, with material being added together, typically layer by layer. ;B. 3D printing In the1990s, 3D printing techniques were considered suitable only for the production of functional or aesthetical prototypes and a more appropriate term was rapid prototyping. ;Today, the precision, repeatability and material range have increased to the point that some 3D printing processes are considered viable as an industrial production technology, whereby the term additive manufacturing can be used synonymously with 3D printing. One of the key advantages of 3D printing is the ability to produce very complex shapes or geometries, and a prerequisite for producing any 3D printed part is a digital 3D model or a CAD file.;C. Academic