非谓语动词专题讲解.docVIP

非谓语动词专题讲解 非谓语：（不能单独做谓语，但同时仍保留动词某些特征的动词形式。非谓语动词除了不能独立作谓语外，可以承担句子的任何成分。） 不定式与动名词做主语 动名词做主语往往表示普通的、一般习惯的行为，不定式做主语常表示某次具体的行为。 例句： Reading English is really a great fun.这里不强调看一次，看两次……表示的是一般性的行为 To read english this morning will take most of my time.这里用不定式表示一次具体的行为 2.形式主语it 的运用: 1).不定式做主语,谓语用单数。往往用it做形式主语，把不定式放在谓语后面。 例句：To finish the job took us two hours. It took us two hours to finish the job. （注：在不定式做主语的被动语态句子中，必须用形式主语it.） 例句:it was decided to go for a picnic tomorrow. 2).It is+adj.of/for sb.to do sth.当不定式的逻辑主语和前面的形容词构成系表结构时，用of,否则用for. 例句： It’s very nice of you to help us.此时，不定时的逻辑主语是you，adj.是nice,二者构成系表结构，即可以说you are nice.此时应该用of It’s impossible for us to defeat the boss.此时就不能说 we are impossible.因此应该用 for 3).用动名词做主语的句型：It is/was no good(use, useless, fun)+doing sth. It’s worth while doing 例句： It’s no use cry over spilt milk.覆水难收 (it 用法远不止这几个后面会有补充) 3.成分对称：主语和表语都是非谓语动词时，应保持形式上一致。 例句： To see is to believe. Seeing is believing.眼见为实 4.There be no +ving 例句： There is no parking around here. No smoking,please. 练习题 It is hard_________ his mind.(to change ) It is fun__________ with a foreign man.(talking) There is no ________what will happen.(telling) I like_________ this novel this morning.(to read) 二：做表语 1.不定式做表语表具体个别的动作或有将来的含义。 例句：My wish is to become a famous writer. 2、现在分词做表语表示主语的性质与特征,表主动（interesting, amusing, disappointing, puzzling, exciting等）；进行时表示正在进行的动作。 例句： i am teaching the child to swim when you passed by. be worthy to be done be worthy of +名词/being done 例句： The place is worth visiting. The place is worthy to be visited The place is worthy of + a visit/being visited. 5).在介词but, other than之后的不定式。如介词前有“do”,则不定式省略“to”,否则就带“to”.前有do，后无to 例句： We could do nothing but/other than wait. He had no choice but to wait. 另接不定式省略to的有：can’t choose but, can’t help but(只好), can’t but，had better, would rather. Eg:He cannot choose but stay on. You