联合国科教文组织神经技术的伦理问题（英文版）.pdfVIP

ETHICAL ISSUES OF NEUROTECHNOLOGY REPORT • Adopted in December 2021 International Bioethics IBC Committee of UNESCO Published in 2022 by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, 7, place de Fontenoy, 75352 Paris 07 SP, France © UNESCO 2022 ISBN 978-92-3-100551-0 This publication is available in Open Access under the Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 IGO (CC-BY-SA 3.0 IGO) license (/licenses/by-sa/3.0/igo/). By using the content of this publication, the users accept to be bound by the terms of use of the UNESCO Open Access Repository (/open-access/terms-use- ccbysa-en). The designations employed and the presentation of material throughout this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The ideas and opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors; they are not necessarily those of UNESCO and do not commit the Organization. Graphic design: Aurélia Mazoyer Cover illustration: Jukyelabs/S Printed by UNESCO Printed in France S H O R T S U M M A R Y Should we be afraid of neurotechnology? 1 in every 8 people worldwide lives with a mental or neurological disorder (IHME, 2019), which represents 1/3 of health expenses in developed countries, and a growing burden in Low-to-Middle- Income Countries. With the potential to provide new treatments and preventative and therapeutic solutions, neurotechnology offers tremendous hope for patients around the world. However, this technology raises unique ethical concerns. Unlike many other frontier technologies, neurotechnology can directly access, manipulate