长期菌渣化肥配施对稻田土壤活性有机碳组分和有效养分的影响.pdfVIP

长期菌渣化肥配施对稻田土壤活性有机碳组分和有效养分的影 响 龚臣;王旭东;倪幸;乐天天;曾诗媛;叶正钱 【摘要】设置 3 个菌渣(F)施用量(0, 50%, 100%)和 3 个化肥(C)施用量(0, 50%, 100%)共 9 个处理,采用长期定位试验方法(2010-2016 年),研究长期菌渣化肥配施 对稻田土壤活性有机碳组分和土壤基本肥力要素变化的影响以及两者的相关性.结 果表明:相比单施化肥,菌渣化肥配施显著提高土壤碳库管理指数(CPMI), 3 种土壤 活性有机碳(LOC1, LOC2, LOC3,指分别以 33, 167, 333 mmol·L-1 高锰酸钾氧化 有机碳)及其有效度,增幅分别为 45.09%, 41.77%~53.55%和 11.69%~33.55%(P0.05),其中 C100F100 的提高效果最好,CPMI 值为 204.95, 3 种土壤活性有机碳质量分数分别为 1.73, 3.41 和 4.37 g·kg-1,相应的有效度分别为 14.53%, 28.56%和 43.03%;相比单施化肥,菌渣化肥配施处理还显著提高了土壤全 氮、碱解氮和有效磷,增幅分别达 21.11%, 19.39%和 31.83%.3 种土壤活性有机碳 都比土壤有机碳与土壤全氮、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾的相关性强,LOC1 和 LOC2 比 LOC3 在反映土壤肥力变化上更敏感(P0.01).LOC1 的变化最为敏感,可以用于 反映土壤肥力的微小变化;土壤活性有机碳组分主要决定于菌渣的施用,而化肥则是 主要养分提供者,菌渣与化肥交互作用的结果影响土壤肥力的变化状况,适宜的菌渣- 化配合施用量有利于土壤培肥和保障水稻 Oryza sativa 产量,以 C50F50 处理为最 佳.%To understand how long-term application of edible fungus residue(F)and chemical fertilizers(C) affected soil fertility, nine treatments were established with combinations of three rates of F (0, 50%, and 100%)and three rates of C(0, 50%, and 100%). Each treatment received 3 replicates. The treatment plots were arranged as randominzed blocks design, with plot size of 4 m × 5 m. Fractions of soil labile organic car- bon(LOC1,LOC2,LOC3)and changes of basic soil fertility parameters were examined through a rice field ex-periment(2010-2016). Results showed that compared to a single C application, a combined application of F and C had significant(P0.05)effect on increasing of the soil carbon pool management index(CPMI),and content of three types of soil LOCs along with their availability(ALCs), rates increase for CPMI by 45.09%, LOCs by 41.77%-53.55%, and ALCs by 11.69%-33.55%. Of the nine treatments, C100F100was the most effec-tive with a CPMI of 204.95;content of LOC1(oxidized by 33 mmol·L-1KMnO4)of 1.73,LOC2(by 167 mmol·L- 1KMnO4)of 3.41, and LOC3(by 333 mmol·L-1KMnO4)of 4.37 g·kg-1; and content of ALC1of 14.53%, ALC2of 28.56%,and ALC3of 43.03%.All three