医学免疫学英文版课件：Chapter3 immnune system.pptxVIP

MEDICAL IMMUNOLOGYChapter 3 Immune System Immune organs and immune tissuesCentral immune organs (primary lymphoid organs) Peripheral immune organ (secondary lymphoid organs)ImmunocytesLymphocytes (T, B cells and NK cells) APC (M , DC, B cells)Other cells (neutrophil, basophil, eosinophil etc.)Immune moleculesAntibody, Complement, Cytokine, adhesion molecules and MHC molecules etc. Immune organsCentral immune organs (primary lymphoid organs)ThymusBone marrow/ Bursa of FabriciusPeripheral immune organ (secondary lymphoid organs)Lymph nodes SpleenSkin and Mucosal associated lymphoid tissue I Central Immune organsCentral Immune Organs are the sites of generation, differentiation, development and maturation of immunocytes.Thymus: differentiation and maturation of T cellsBone marrow: generation of all immnocytes and maturation of B cells in humanBursa of Fabricius: the site of B cells maturation i birds The thymus is the site of T cell differentiation, development and maturation.DiGeorge syndrome: mutations in genes required for thymus development.Nude mice: mutation in a transcriptional factor caused a failure of differentiation of certain typ of epithelial cells that are required for normal development of thymus.1. Thymus ①The structure of ThymusCortex: thymus epithelial cells, thymocyte, macrophageMedulla： thymus epithelial cells, thymocytes and macrophages, hassal’s corpuscle/thymi c corpuscleThymus Thymus ② Thymus microenvironmentThymus stroma cells (TSC)Thymus epithelial cells (TEC), Fibroblast, Macrophages, Dendritic cellsTEC: Secret thymus hormones and cytokines.Interaction between cells by direct contact.Extracellular matrixActive substance in local sitesThymus ③Functions of ThymusDevelopment and differentiation of T lymphocytesTSC interact with thymocytes directly by adhesion molecules.TSC secrete various cytokines and thymus hormones.Thymocytes secrete various cytokines.Immune regulation of the thymusBarrier function of the thymusThymus 2. Bone marrowThe bone m