张良不入汉初十八元功之臣原因探析.pdfVIP

( ) 第 23卷 第 1期 贵州教育学院学报 社会科学 Vo l. 23. No. 1 　 2007年 2 月 　　　　　　　　Jou rnal of Gu izhou Education In stitu te ( Social Science) Feb. 2007 张良不入汉初十八元功之臣原因探析 范国强 (贵州师范大学 历史与政治学院 ,贵州 贵阳　55000 1) 摘要 :张良字子房 ,汉初名臣 ,被刘邦誉为 “汉初三杰 ”之一 。西汉政权建立以后 ,汉高祖刘邦大封功臣 , 获侯功者凡一百四十三人 ,并列以次序 , 以彰元功之臣 ,凡最著者一十八人 。而张良虽获侯功 ,却不在十八功 臣之列 。这与汉初实行的军功爵制 ,功次制度 ,汉高祖刘邦的用人观及其与丰沛集团的密切关系等诸因素有 着密切的关系 。 关键词 :张良;刘邦 ;军功爵制 ;功次制度 ;丰沛集团 中图分类号 : K234 1　　文献标识码 : A 　　文章编号 : 1002 - 6983 (2007) 0 1 - 0085 - 03 Inqu iry in to and Ana lysis of the Rea son W hy Zhang L iang W a s Not Included am ong the 18 Sen ior M in ister s a t the Beg inn ing of Han D yna sty Fan Guoq iang (College of H istory and Politics, Gu izhou Norm al U n iversity, Gu iyang, Gu izhou , 55000 1) Ab stract: Zhang L iang, who styled h im self Zi Fang, well - known m in ister at the beginn ing of H an dyna sty, wa s acclaim ed by L iu B ang a s one of the three ou tstanding m in isters. A fter the estab lishm en t ofW e stern H an dynasty, L iu B ang began to grant titles to tho se who had rendered ou tstanding service s. Tho se who were granted the title of m arqu is totaled 143 and they were listed in sequence so that tho se who rendered excellen t service s were to be comm ended. The mo st outstanding totaled 18. Zhang L iang wa s gran ted the title of m arqu is but not listed among the 18. That ha s som eth ing to do w ith m any factors such a s the system of m ilitary exp loits and rank of nob ility, the exp