Linux下进程相关知识.docxVIP

第 第 PAGE 1 页 共 NUMPAGES 1 页 Linux下进程相关知识 1. ps命令  进程是在你的系统上运行的程序。它们由内核管理，每个进程都有一个与之关联的ID，称为进程ID(（PI）D)。这个PID是按照进程创建的顺序分配的。  运行ps命令查看正在运行的进程列表:  ?  ubuntu@ubuntu:~$?ps???PID?TTY??????????（TI）ME?CMD??3309?pts/1????0000?bash??3794?pts/1????0000?psubuntu@ubuntu:~$? ?  PID：进程ID  TTY：控制与进程相关联的终端  TIME：总（CPU）使用时间  CMD：可执行/命令的名称  如果你看一下ps的man手册，你会发现有很多命令选项可以传递，它们会根据你想使用的选项而变化输出结果。  ?  ubuntu@ubuntu:~$?ps?--help?allUsage:?ps?[options]B（asic）?options:?-A,?-e???????????????all?processes?-a???????????????????all?with?tty,?except?session?le（ad）e（rs）??a???????????????????all?with?tty,?including?other?users?-d???????????????????all?except?session?leaders?-N,?--deselect???????nega（te）?selection??r???????????????????only?running?processes??T???????????????????all?processes?on?this?terminal??x???????????????????processes?without?controlling?ttysSelection?by?list:?-C??????????command?name?-G,?--Group?????real?group?id?（or）?name?-g,?--group???session?or?effective?group?name?-p,?p,?--pid? ???process?id????????--ppid? ??parent?process?id?-q,?q,?--qu（ic）k-pid? ??????????????????????process?id?(quick?mode)?-s,?--sid???session?id?-t,?t,?--tty????terminal?-u,?U,?--user???effective?user?id?or?name?-U,?--User??????real?user?id?or?name??The?selection?options?take?as?their?argument?either:????a?comma-separated?list?e.g.?-u?root,nobody?or????a?blank-separated?list?e.g.?-p?123?4567Output?formats:?-F???????????????????extra?full?-f???????????????????full-format,?including?command?lines??f,?--forest?????????ascii?art?process?tree?-H???????????????????show?process?hierarchy?-j???????????????????jobs?format??j???????????????????B（SD）?job?control?format?-l???????????????????long?format??l???????????????????BSD?long?format?-M,?Z????????????????add?security?data?(for?SE（Linux）)?-O???????????preloaded?with?default?columns??O???????????as?-O,?with?BSD?personality?-o,?o,?--format???????????????????????user-defined?format??s??