第28章电势势能.pdfVIP

Chapter 28: Electric Potential Energy and Potential(电势能和电势) Q V Q 4pe r 4pe R 0 0 R r C B a r B A a r q A path ce Today… • Conservative s( 守恒力) and Energy Conservation – Total energy is constant and is sum of k ic and potential • Introduce Concept of Electric Potential – A property of the space and sources as is the Electric Field – Potential differences drive all biological chemical reactions, as well as all electric circuits. • Calculating Electric Potentials put V(infinity)=0 – Charged Spherical S – N point charges – Example: electric potential of a charged sphere • Electrical Breakdown – Sparks – Lightning!! 28-1 Potential Energy( 势能) 1. The advantage of the energy method A Although is a vector, energy is a scalar B. In problems involving vector s and field, calculation requiring sums are integrals are often complicated. C. When you introduce the potential energy, the calculations e simplicity, as in mechanics. 2. The similarity between the electrostatic and gravitational s.  m m F =-G 1 2 ˆ r g 2 (gravitation) r  1 q q 1 2 ˆ Fe = 2 r (electrostatic) 4pe0 r  • Introd