气体非牛顿流体两相流动.docVIP

气体非牛顿流体两相流动 气体/非牛顿流体两相流动 与气/水两相流动阻力特性的比较 劳力云 吴应湘 郑之初 李东晖 石在虹 (中国科学院力学研究所应用流体力学研究室) 提 要 本文基于常用的均相流动模型～主要针对油/气/水混输管道中经常遇到的气体 /幂律液体水平管道两相流动～对其阻力特性进行了阐述～其中包括流动基本模型和方程、 常用的经验估算方法等方面～将它与气/水两相流动中对应的有关问题进行了比较。 Summary In this paper, the pressure loss characteristics of the gas and power-law liquid two-phase flow that was often met within oil/gas/water concurrent --one of the transportation pipeline were presented. Based the homogeneous modelfrequently adapted models, the issues of fundamental model and equations of the flow and the estimation methods of pressure losses were included. These results were also compared with the correspondents related to gas/water two-phase flows. 关键词 均相模型 气液两相流 非牛顿流体 Key words homogeneous model, gas/liquid two-phase flow, non-Newtonian fluid 1 引 言 在海洋石油资源开发中，油气混输正在成为一种越来越重要的油气输运手段。为了了解 油气混输管道中的能耗，进行混输管线与增压系统的合理设计，在油气混输过程中对油、气、 水等介质进行有效准确的计量，以及对整个混输系统的运行状态进行监控等等，需要深入了 解油气混输管道的流动阻力特性。另一方面，油气混输问题实际上属于气液两相流动中的气 体/非牛顿液体的流动问题。而目前在国内外，气液两相流研究主要集中于对气体/牛顿液体 (尤其是气/水两相流)的流动特性上，对于气体/非牛顿液体流动问题的研究相对较少，尚 无比较成熟的结果。因此，对气体/非牛顿液体的流动阻力特性进行研究，不但具有重要的 工程价值，也具有较大的学术意义。 实际测试结果表明，我国油田所生产的原油，在常温输送时，其流变特性表现为幂率流 ndu,,,K,,,,dr[1，2],,体的特性——流动剪应力与剪应变呈现为幂率关系(对于管流即)。其主 edges should be cleaned, after making sure that no defect shall be marked with a marker pen to write down welding near the weld, including the slogan of welding, welders, etc. (16) welding Qian Preheat and the welding Hou heat treatment pipe welding Qian Preheat and the welding Hou heat treatment process conditions welding Qian Preheat and the welding Hou heat treatment temperature table project material welding Qian preheat temperature (?) welding Hou heat treatment and the insulation time (?/H) wall thick (mm) temperature (?) wall thick (mm) temperature (?) 20 ? 26 100~200 36 600~650/1-1.5 15CrMo ? 10 150~200 10 670~700/1.2-2 Preheat and the heat treatment process in the, Inner and outer wall temperature shall be kept uniform, in order to avoid internal stresses. Preheating before welding and post