2015考研英语阅读真题 Text 2(英语二) .pdfVIP

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2015 Text 2 (英语⼆)⼀个⼩时很重要 For years, studies have found that first-generation college students—those who do not have a parent with a college degree —lag other students on a range of education achievement factors. “第⼀代⼤学⽣”是指那些⽗⺟没有⼤学学位的⼤学⽣,多年以来,很多研究发现他们在⼀系列的教育成 就⽅⾯落后于其他的学⽣。 Their grades are lower and their dropout rates are higher. 他们的成绩⽐其他学⽣低、辍学率⽐他们⾼。 But since such students are most likely to advance economically if they succeed in higher education , colleges and universities have pushed for decades to recruit more of them. 但是鉴于这类学⽣只要在⾼等教育上取得成功,他们就更可能在经济上到得提升,所以各⼤学院和⼤学 ⼏⼗年来⼀直在努⼒招收更多这类的学⽣。 This has created a paradox in that recruiting first—generation students, but then watching many of them fail, means that higher education has continued to reproduce and widen, rather than close an achievement gap based on social class, according to the depressing beginning of a paper forthcoming in the journal Psychological Science. 但是根据即将在《⼼理科学》杂志上发表的⼀篇论⽂令⼈忧愁的开篇所说,这就出现了⼀个“⽭盾现 象” ,招收那些第⼀代⼤学⽣,但随后⽬睹他们中的很多⼈失败,这就意味着⾼等教育“继续在制造和扩 ⼤基于社会阶级的成就差距,⽽不是缩⼩它。 But the article is actually quite optimistic, as it outlines a potential solution to this problem, suggesting that an approach (which involves a one-hour, next-to-no-cost program) can close 63 percent of the achievement gap (measured by such factors as grades) between first-generation and other students. 但是这篇⽂章事实上相当地乐观,因为它概述了解决该问题的可能⽅案,提出的那个⽅案(它涉及⼀个 ⼀⼩时,⼏乎⽆花费计划)能缩⼩第⼀代⼤学⽣和其他学⽣之间的百分之六⼗三的成就差距 (通过测量 考试成绩等因素)。 The authors of the paper are from different universities, and their findings are based on a study involving 147 students (who completed the project) at an unnamed private university . 这篇论⽂的作者来⾃不同的⼤学,他们的发现基于⼀项涉及某所私⽴⼤学147名学⽣的研究(这些学⽣ 完成了该研究项⽬)。 First generation was defined as not having a parent with a four-year college degree. “第⼀代⼤学⽣”被定义为他们的⽗⺟没有四年制⼤学学位。 Most of the first-generation students (59.1 percent) were recipients of Pell Grants, a federal grant for undergraduates with financial need, while this was t

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