英语语法笔记.docVIP

英语语法笔记 不定式，动名词做主语 一. 动名词作主语 1. 直接做主语 Seeing is believing眼见为实 Doing moring exercise every day is good for health天天做操有意健康 Somking is not a good habit 吸烟不是好习惯 2. 用it作形式主语，常与no use/no good/useless /worth/while等词连用 It is useless talking too much without doing angthing It is no good smoking too much It is worth while learning English well 二. 不定式做主语 1. 直接做主语 To smoke is to believe眼见为实 To smoke here is dangerous 2. 用it作形式主语 It is very kind of you to say so你这么说太好了～ It is very foolish if him to say such things他说出这样的话太蠢 It is necessary for us to learn English well我么们学好英语是必要的 3. 固定句型 It takes Jake two hour to finish home work. How long does it take Jake to finish homework 注意事项:不定式与动名词做主语的区别 1. 对称原则:主表对称 2. 特殊表达:动名词表示经常性反复发生的动作而不等式表示具体的某一次发生的动作 3. 固定句型:It takes sb some time to do 4. 习惯用法:It is no use/no good/ useless/worthwhile + doing….. It is kind/wise/clever….+of sb to do sth It is important/necessary/hard….for sb to do sth 注意事项:(下列动词只能用动名词作宾语) Put off appreciate miss mind risk recall resist enjoy can`t help consider can`t resist complete excase bear escape endure prevent imagine advise avoid admit can`t stand finish fancy feel like favourite include deny forgive 不定式 1. 构成与特征 特征:在句中起名词，形容词，副词作用，以带宾语构成 To be/to be doing /to be done/ to have done / to have been done/ to have been doing 2.功能 作主语:to know oneself is difficult 自知不容易 作表语:to live is to do something worthwhile 活着要做有意义的事 作宾语:l want to buy a bike 做宾补:l want Tom to buy a book 作定语:I have lots of work to do 作壮语:I work hard only to fail 2. 时态与语态 He is said to write a book next year He is said to be writing a book next year He is said to have written a book last year He is said to have been writing a book for ten years The book is said to be written next year 动名词 1.构成与特征 构成:doing(一般式) having done(完成式) being done(一般被动) having been done(完成被动) 特征:动名词兼有动词和名词的特征与作用。可以带宾语、壮语、表语等 3. 功能 做主语:saying is easier than doing 作表语:My work is teaching 作宾语:I enjoy listening to music 作定语: