操作系统第九版部分课后作业习题答案分析解析 .pdfVIP

CHAPTER 9 Virtual Memory Practice Exercises 9.1 Under what circumstances do page faults occur? Describe the actions taken by the operating system when a page fault occurs. Answer: A page fault occurs when an access to a page that has not been brought into main memory takes place. The operating system verifies the memory access, aborting the program if it is invalid. If it is valid, a free frame is located and I/O is requested to read the needed page into the free frame. Upon completion of I/O, the process table and page table are updated and the instruction is restarted. 9.2 Assume that you have a reference string for a process with m frames (initially all empty). The reference string has length p; 第 1 页 n distinct page numbers occur in it. Answer these questions for any replacement algorithms: a. What is a lower bound on the number of page faults? b. What is an upper bound on the number of page faults? Answer: a. n b. p 9.3 Consider the page table shown in Figure 9.30 for a system with 12-bit virtual and physical addresses and with 256-byte pages. The list of free page frames is D, E, F (that is, D is at the head of the list, E is second, and F is last). Convert the following virtual addresses to their equivalent physical addresses in hexadecimal. All numbers are given in hexadecimal. (A 第 2 页 dash for a page frame indicates that the page is not in memory.) • 9EF • 111 2930 Chapter 9 Virtual Memory • 700 • 0FF Answer: • 9E F - 0E F • 111 - 211 • 700 - D00 • 0F F - EFF 9.4 Consider the following replacement algorithms. Rank these algorithms on a five-point scale from “bad〞 to “perfect〞 according to their fault rate. Separate those algorithms that suffer from Belady’s 第 3 页 anomaly from those that do no