臂形草属牧草青贮微生物多样性研究.docxVIP

PAGE 6 摘要 　　 臂形草(Brachiaria Griseb.)，是热带及亚热带地区种植的主要禾本科牧草，适合于放牧型人工草地种植。常作为饲料供家畜吃食。但由于臂形草水分含量高，容易发生霉变和腐烂，在海南等我国南方热带地区高温高湿环境下，臂形草面临着保存不当和营养流失的问题。作为一种优质的粗饲料，青贮饲料在近些年来得到了广泛的应用，本试验旨在探究不同品种臂形草的青贮饲料发酵品质及微生物多样性的影响，运用16SrDNA高通量测序，分析不同品种臂形草的自然发酵品质和青贮微生物群落结构，探清品种对臂形草青贮发酵品质和青贮微生物群落的作用。结果表明热研14号网脉臂形草青贮饲料微生物群落的更具多样性。杂交臂形草molato1和湿生臂形草二者微生物群落结构相似；热研3号俯仰臂形草和杂交臂形草molato2二者群落结构差异较大。不同品种的臂形草优势菌门均为变形菌门（Proteobacteria）。基于属水平的臂形草青贮饲料微生物群落RY3的优势菌属为假单胞菌属（Pseudomonas）， RY14的优势菌属依次为短波单胞菌属（Brevundimonas），MIZ的优势菌属为假单胞菌属（Pseudomonas），SS的优势菌属为马赛菌属，M2Z的优势菌属为棒杆菌属。SS中包含的差异菌群主要集中在鞘氨醇单胞菌属(Sphingomonas)。 RY3中包括的差异菌属主要富集在土地杆菌属(Pedobacter)和放线菌属(Actinomyces)。RY14中包括的差异菌属主要富集在沙雷氏菌属，荧光假单胞菌(Pseudomonas fluorescens)。M2Z中包括的差异菌属主要富集在棒状杆菌科(Corynebacteriaceae)，棒状杆菌属(Corynebacterium)，明串珠菌科(Leuconostocaceae)，魏斯氏菌属，克罗诺杆菌属(Cronobacter)。本结果表明臂形草属青贮牧草中含有丰富的微生物，总体来看，不同品种臂形草青贮微生物多样性和菌群结构存在差异，制作青贮饲料时应针对不同品种及青贮微生物特点选择合适的调制方法。关键词 臂形草属牧草；青贮；微生物；多样性英文摘要 　　Study on Microbial Diversity of Brachiaria Forage Silage 　　Abstract: Brachiaria Griseb is a high light efficiency annual or perennial plant of C4 gramineae type. It is the main gramineae grass growing in the tropics and subtropics. It is suitable for planting gramineae type artificial grassland with high yield, good quality and long duration. Often used as fodder for domestic animals. Due to its high moisture content, it is easy to be moldy and rotted. In the hot and humid environment of Hainan and other tropical areas in south China, it is faced with the problems of improper preservation and nutrient loss. As a kind of high-quality roughage, silage has been widely used in recent years. The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the effects of different species of Brachiocephalus on the fermentation quality and microbial diversity of silage, the natural fermentation quality and silage microbial community structure of different brachiaria species were analyzed, and the effects of different cultivars on the fermentation quality and silage microbial community of Br