-名词性从句完整版.docxVIP

一、相关性概念 主语：执行句子的行为或动作的主体 谓语：该句子的行为或动作 宾语：接受谓语动作的对象 同位语：一个名词(或其它形式)对另一个名词或代词进行解释或补充说明，这个名词（或其它形式）就是同位语 二、名词性从句的分类 主语从句：位于句首或用it代替 宾语从句：位于及物动词或介词后面 表语从句：位于be或其他系动词后面 同位语从句：位于某些名词后面  三、名词性从句的连接词 连接词的类型 所作句子成分 从属连词 that 不作句子成分，只起连接作用 whether/if 连接代词 who(ever) 主、宾、表 whom(ever) 宾 whose 定 what(ever) 主、宾、表、定 which(ever) 主、宾、表、定 连接副词 when 时间状语 where 地点状语 why 原因状语 how 方式状语 1.that的用法 （1）主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中用that但不能省略 That they are good at English is known to us all. The problem is that we don’t have enough money. The report that there will be a severe storm in the northern area is false.  （2）一般情况下，宾语从句中的引导词that可省略，但在以下几种情况中that不省略： ①当that从句和主句谓语动词之间有插入语时； He judged that，because he was a child，he did not understand wine. He announced believe it or not that he would never forgive her. ②有多个that引导的从句时，第一个that可以省略，而其他的that常不可省略； He told me (that) he had to leave and that he would be back soon. I believe (that) you’ve done your best and that things will get better. ③介词except，but，besides，in等后跟that引导的宾语从句时； They share little in common except that they are form the same country. The reason lies in that she works harder than the others do. ④当when，who，what，where，why，how等引导的从句与that引导的从句作主句谓语动词的并列宾语时。 Everyone knew what happened and that she was worried.  （3）that和what引导名词性从句的区别 that 在从句中不充当句子成分，也没有任何含义 what 在从句中充当一定的句子成分（主、宾、表和定语），what可以分解成定语从句中的“先行词＋关系代词（that/which/who）”  It’s a shame that he has made such a mistake. I will do what I can (do) to help him. That he failed in the test again really puzzled us. These photographs will show you what our village looks like.  （4）同位语从句与定语从句中that的区别。  从句的作用 that的作用 同位语从句 从句既”说明、解释“先行词，又”等同于“ 先行词 that作为连接词，只起连接作用，在从句中不作成分，不可省略 定语从句 从句”修饰、限定“先行词，”关系词“替代先行词，在从句中充当成分 that为关系代词，在从句中充当句子成分，可作主、宾和表语，作宾语时可省略  They expressed the hope that they would come to visit China again. The hope that they expressed is that they would come to visit China again. The news that we are having a holiday tomorrow is not true. The new (that) we heard on the radio was not tr