《激光原理》第5章典型激光器.pdfVIP

第5章典型激光器 二十世纪四大发明—— 半导体； 原子能； 计算机； 激光 梅曼和第一只激光器 1917年爱因斯坦提出了受激辐射理论； 1958年肖洛和汤斯发表了《红外线和光的微波激器》; 1960年梅曼制成了世界上第一台激光器——红宝石激光器 August 6,1960 No.4736 N A TURE -u Stimulated Optical Radiation in Ruby 15 2A E Schawlow and Townesl have proposed a technique 10 R? for the goweration of very monochromwic radiation 5 R, Ens llpm-) in t infra-red optical region of the spectruming o?A? a alkali vapour as the active medium. Javan2 an pertinent processca Sanders have discussed proposals involving olectron- excited gaseous gystems. In this laboratory an optical pumping technique has been successfully a plied to a fluorescent solid resulting in the attain: mom of negative temperatures and stimulated optia emission wave-length of 6943 A.; the active (a) matori y (chromium in corundum). A simplified energy-level dingram for triply jonized chromium in this crystel is shown in Fig. 1. When this material is irradiated with energy at a wave-length of about 5500A., chromium ions are excited to the (6) F:state and then quickly lose some of their excitation energy through non-radiative transitions to the HE state4. This state then slowly decays 6025R. R.