通道7采样第七章研究方法7分布简单随机抽样点估计.pdfVIP

CHAPTER 7 SAMPLING AND SAMPLING DISTRIBUTIONS  Simple Random Sampling  Point Estimation n = 100  Introduction to Sampling Distributions  Sampling Distribution of  Sampling Distribution of  Sampling Methods n = 30 TYPES OF SAMPLING  Many different types but 2 categories  Probability sampling – random selection of any element  Non-probability sampling –  Either easier or want a specific element TYPES OF SAMPLING  Probability Sampling is:  Good when you need exact percentages of a population  Often used with survey and experimental research strategies  Non-probability sampling is:  Good when you don’t need exact percentages.  Often used with case study and ethnographic research strategies ADDITIONAL TERMS  Sampling frame – comple ist of elements in a population  Sample size – the number of elements in a sample Types of non-probability sampling NON-PROBABILITY SAMPLING CONVENIENCE SAMPLING  It is a nonprobability sampling technique. Items are luded in the sample without known probabilities of being selected.  The sample is identified primarily by convenience.  Advantage: Sample selection and d ollection are relatively easy.  Disadvantage: It is impossible to determine how representative of the population the sample is.  Example: A professor conducting resear ight use student volunteers to constitute a sample. 9 JUDGMENT (PURPOSIVE) SAMPLING  The most knowledgeable on the subject of the study selects elements of the population that he or she feels are most representative of the population.  It c so identify elements of special qualities  experts in a sci