英语语言学9到11单元课后答案.docx

Unit 9 the Use of English(II) Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false: The meaning of a sentence is abstract, but context-dependent. Both semantics and pragmatics study how speakers of a language use sentences to effect successful communication Maxim of quantity requires one to provide as much information as possible. In order to be polite, one needs to cooperate in all possible ways. Every normal speaker needs to mind his own and others’ face. Politeness is a matter of degree. Cultures vary as far as politeness issues are concerned. “Do not say what you believe to be false” falls into the maxim of quality. “To avoid obscurity” belongs to the maxim of relation. “Make your contribution such as is required, at the stage at which it occurs, by the accepted purpose of the talk exchange in which you are engaged.” This was said by G. N. Leech. 1.F 2.F 3. F 4 F 5 T 6 T 7 T 8 T 9. F 10. F III. There are four choices following each statement. Mark the choice that can best complete the statement: does not study meaning in isolation, but in context. A. Pragmatics B. Semantics C. Sense relationD. Concept Which of the following is true? Utterances usually do not take the form of sentences. Some utterances cannot be restored to complete sentences. No utterances can take the form of sentences. All utterances can be restored to complete sentences. is advanced by Paul Grice A. Cooperative Principle B. Politeness Principle C. The General Principle of Universal Grammar D. Adjacency Principle When any of the maxims under the cooperative principle is flouted, might arise. impoliteness B. contradictions C. mutual understanding D. conversational implicatures Which of the following utterances below is performative? I command you to put out that cigarette. B. I warned you not to go. C. Put your toys away D. I envy you 1. A 2. B 3. A 4. D 5. A Unit 10 The Varieties of English (I) I. Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false: Language a