英汉翻译技巧——转换 翻译讲座.ppt

翻译讲座（二）;(2) The Red Army Men marched on bravely against the piercing wind. 红军冒着刺骨的寒风英勇前进。 (3) All were unconscious that this experience was a test of character; and, when the first excitement was over, felt that they had done well, and deserved praise. 大家都没有认识到这番经验却是一次个性的考验，最初的兴奋过去以后，又觉得自己已经干得不错了，理应受到赞扬。 ;(4) He appeared at her side, breathing audibly, a moment after she reached the stop. She gazed ahead, rigid. 她到车站不一会儿，他便出现在她的身旁，听见他喘息的声音。她凝视着前方，表情严峻。 (5) …and it was on the first stage of this journey, in Kenya, that she received the news of her fathers death and her own accession to the throne. … 就在此行的第一站肯尼亚，她接到了父亲去世并由她本人继承王位的消息。 ; （二） 英语动词、副词转换为汉语名词、形容词 ;(4) Formality has always characterized their relationship. 他们之间的关系，有一个特点，就是以礼相待。 (5) Most US spy satellites are designed to burn up in the earths atmosphere after completing their missions. 美国绝大多数间谍卫星，按其设计，是在完成使命后，在大气层中焚毁。 ; （三） 英语名词转换为汉语形容词、副词 ;二、句子成分转换 ;(2) With the fear of largely imaginary plots against his leadership, his self-confidence seemed totally to desert him. 由于害怕有人阴谋推翻他的领导，他似乎完全丧失了自信。但所谓的阴谋在很大程度上是他自己假想出来的。（主语转换为宾语，宾语转换为主语） (3) Cheerful, efficient and warm-hearted, they will do everything to make your journey smooth and comfortable. 他们乐观、能干、热情，总是想方设法使你一路上顺利舒适。 （状语转换为谓语） ;三、表达方式转换 ;(1) A dozen and a half aeroplanes poured out into the airport during that five minutes. 那 5 分钟内，有18 架飞机涌进了机场。 (2) Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent a new nation. 87 年前，我们的先辈在这个大陆上创建了一个新的国家。 (3)Its a quarter past ten. 现在是十点一刻。 (4)I believed that this struggle is going to go on and it might well be decided in the next decade. 我相信这一对抗还将会持续下去, 并可能在下一个十年中得出结果。;（二） 由于英汉两种语言在表述角度上不尽相同，翻译时常常有必要转换角度，才能使意思明白清楚、表达自然。例如： She has been a widow only for six months. 她丈夫死了至今才不过半年。 （原文是从妻子的角度加以陈述的，而译文是从丈夫的角度加以陈述的。如果不改变表达方式，而搬用原来的表达方式，那译文就是：她只当了 6 个月的寡妇。这就会给人以错觉：她很快就改嫁了。） ;(2) ──Is there a special rate by the month? ──Yes, there is