齐鲁医学DigestiveSystems消化系统.ppt

水分无氮浸出物图 概略养分与饲料组成之间的关系 饲料 干物质无机物（粗灰分或矿物质）有机物含氮化合物（粗蛋白质）无氮化合物乙醚浸出物（粗脂肪）碳水化合物粗纤维2021/9/291 2021/9/292 四、养分含量的表示方法 某饲料新鲜基础含CP5%，水分75%，求饲料风干基础（含水10%）下含蛋白质多少？ 2021/9/293 四、养分含量的表示方法 某饲料新鲜基础含CP5%，水分75%，求饲料风干基础（含水10%）下含蛋白质多少？ 设为x，则x∶90%=5%∶25%x=（5%×90%）÷25%=18%2021/9/294 DIGESTION消化Anatomy and Function of the Gastrointestinal Tract胃肠道解剖和功能2021/9/295 Key concepts about the digestive system and digestionLarge complex molecules, like proteins, polysaccharides, and triglycerides must be broken down into their simplest part before they are absorbed into the blood or lymph. This is the job of the digestive system 大复杂分子如蛋白质、多糖和甘油三酯在吸收入血或淋巴之前必须分解成最简单成分。这是消化系统的工作。Digestion requires enzymes that break specific types of chemical bonds. If an enzyme is not present, digestion of that molecule does not occur 消化需要酶。There are two sources of digestive enzymes: those made by the animal (digest soluble CHO, protein and lipids) and those made by microbes during fermentation (digest soluble CHO, protein and lipids and fiber). 消化酶有两个来源： 一是来自动物本身（消化可溶性碳水化合物、蛋白质和脂类）； 二是来自于微生物（消化可溶性碳水化合物、蛋白质和脂类及纤维）2021/9/296 Key concepts about the digestive system and digestionFor optimum utilization, digestion or fermentation needs to occur either in front of, or inside the part of digestive system that absorbs the final products produced by digestion 为优化利用，消化或发酵需要发生在消化系统吸收消化产物之前或当中。Fermentation improves overall utilization of feeds for all animals 发酵改善所有动物饲料充分利用。Differences in size of some parts of the digestive system and location of fermentation within the digestive system dictate the types of feeds animals can utilize and the proper means of feeding. 由于消化系统尺寸大小不同或发酵位置不同决定动物能利用饲料的类型及适宜的饲喂方法。为什么胃没有被消化了！2021/9/297 Gastrointestinal TractComplex physiologically and anatomicallyExtends from mouth to anusFunctionsDigestionAbsorptionProtect body from:Remove undigested material and wastesImmunological functionMetabolismEndocrine functions (Hormones)Site of fermentation (