研究生英语综合教程课文及翻译.pdfVIP

1. Recently, one of us had the opportunity to speak with a medical 1. 最近，我们当中的一员有机会与一名医科学生 student about a research rotation that the student was planning to do. 谈论她正计划要做的一个实验室轮转项目。她将 She would be working with Dr. Z, who had given her the project of writing 与给她布置论文撰写任务的 Dr.Z 一起完成该项 a paper for which he had designed the protocol, collected the data, and 目。Dr.Z 已经设计好研究工具，并收集数据，整 compiled the results. The student was to do a literature search and write 理了实验结果。该学生只需做做文献检索，然后 the first draft of the manuscript. For this she would become first author 撰写初稿。这样，在论文最终出版的时候，她就 on the final publication. When concerns were raised about the proposed 可以成为第一作者。然而，当该项目受到越来越 project, Dr. Z was shocked. l thought I was doing her a favor, he said 多非议时，Dr.Z 震惊之余无辜地说，“我以为我 innocently, and besides, I hate writing! 是在帮她，而我也确实讨厌写作”。 2. Dr. Z is perhaps a bit naive. Certainly, most researchers would know 2. Dr.Z 或许有一点天真。当然，大多数研究人员 that the students work would not merit first authorship. They would 都知道，该学生所做的工作并不称第一作者这个 know that gift authorship is not an acceptable research practice. 头衔。他们知道，这种“赠予”原创作者头衔的 However, an earlier experience in our work makes us wonder. Several 做法，并不是可以接受的科研行为。然而，早期 years ago, in conjunction with the grant from the Fund for the 的工作经验使我们产生疑问。若干年前，在高等 Improvement of Pott Secondary Education (FIPSE), a team of philosophers 教育改革（FIPSE ）基金的援助下，一个由哲学家 and scientists at Dartmouth College 2 ran a University Seminar series for 和科学家组成的团队在达特茅斯学院，为全体教 faculty on the topic Ethical Issues in scientific Research. 员举办以“科学研究中的伦理问题”为主题的系 At one seminar, a senior researcher (lets call him Professor R) argued a 列讲座。在其中一次研讨会上，一个资深研究员 similar position to that of Dr. Z. In this case Professor R knew