外研版高中英语选修8-Module2Module2-Grammarppt课件.pptxVIP

1. Look at this sentence. Remember that the underlined word is a non- finite verb. Example: Beginning in the 14th Century, the Renaissance had a great impact on European civilization. Now underline the non-finite verbs in these sentences. 1) Painted by Leonardo da Vinci in the years 1503~1506, the Mona Lisa is a mysterious masterpiece. 2) Architects preferred designing buildings with more light which contrasted with the heaviness of the Gothic cathedrals of the Middle Ages. 3) During the Renaissance, philosophers began asking questions like “What is a person?” or “Why am I here?” 4) He produced astonishing drawings of machines which were not to be built until hundreds of years later. 2. Read the sentences in Activity 1 again and answer the questions. Which non-finite verb phrases: (a) contain –ing forms? 2, 3, 4 (b) contain –ed forms? 1 (c) are used as subjects? no (d) are used as objects? 2, 3 (d) are used as adjectives? 4 非谓语动词包括 _ _ 、 _ - _ 形__式____和_动__词__的-e___d形___式___ 。它们的基 本用法在前几册已经进行了比较全面 的总结。本册主要补充以下几点： 1. 作主语、宾语和表语时，不定式与 动词的-ing形式的区别 作主语、宾语和表语时，不定式与 动词的-ing形式经常可以互换，但 在有些情况中存在如下区别： 1) 不定式作主语、宾语和表语时表示具体 的、一次性或将要发生的动作。 e.g. It’s not good for you to smoke. 抽烟不好。(具体情况) Our task now is to increase food production. 我们现在的任务是提高粮食产量。 (将要 发生的动作) He prefers to stay at home today. 今天他宁愿呆在家里。 (一次性的动作) 2) 动词的-ing形式作主语、宾语和表 语时则表示抽象的、经常性的动作或 一般情况。 e.g. Smoking is prohibited here. 此地禁止吸烟。(一般情况) Their job is building houses. 他们的工作是盖房子。(经常性的动作) They prefer walking to cycling. 他们宁愿走路，不愿骑车。(一般倾向) 2. 不定式作定语 1) 作定语的不定式与它所修饰的名词或代词 在逻辑上可能是主谓关系，也可能是动宾 关系。 e.g. The next train to arrive was from New York. It was a game to remember. 2) 名词前有only, last, next, 序数词或形容词 最高级时, 其后常用不定式作定语。 e.g. Rita was the only person to complain. He was the first man to fly across the Atlantic. 3) 有些名词的同根动词后常跟不定式， 因而它也常跟不定式作定语。 e.g. Their offer to assist in the work was not taken seriously. (比较： They offered to assist in the work.) 3. 动词-ing形