FAFU机器学习03-1-Introduction of Machine Learning课件.pptxVIP

Foundations of Machine LearningIntroduction of Machine Learning Contents1Classical Machine Learning234What is machine learning?Ensemble MethodsReinforcement Learning5Deep Learning About machine learning From Learning to Machine LearningLearning:Acquiring skillWith experience accumulated from observations From Learning to Machine LearningLearning:Acquiring skillWith experience accumulated from observationsMachine Learning:Acquiring skillWith experience accumulated / computed from dataWhat is skill? A More Concrete Definitionskill? improve some performance measure (e.g. prediction accuracy)Machine Learning:improving performance measure with experience computed from data A More Concrete DefinitionA program can be said to learn from experience E with respect to some class of tasks T and performance measure P, if its performance at tasks in T, as measured by P, improved with experience E.Improve on Task with respect to Performance metric based on ExperienceT: Playing checkersP: Percentage of games won against an arbitrary opponent E: Playing practice games against itself Why use machine learningML: an alternative route to build complicated systemLearn from this picture and recognize: 3-year-old can do Define flowers and hand-program: difficultML-based flowers recognition system can be easier to build than hand-programmed system ML RouteML: an alternative route to build complicated system Some Scenarios to use MLwhen human cannot program the system manuallyNavigating on Marswhen human cannot define the solution easilySpeech recognitionWhen needing rapid decisions that human cannot doHigh-frequency tradingWhen needing to be user-oriented in a massive scaleConsumer-targeted marketing Key essence of MLKey essence: help decide whether to use MLMachine Learning:improving performance measure with experience computed from dataExists some underlying pattern to be learnedSo performance measure can be improvedBut no programmable definitionSo ML is neededSomehow there is data abou