数据库课程课件第二章.pdfVIP

Chapter 2: Relational Model Structure of Relational Databases Fundamental Relational-Algebra-Operations Additional Relational-Algebra-Operations Extended Relational-Algebra-Operations Null Values Modification of the Database Example of a Relation •Entity: a “thing” or “object” in the organization that is distinguishable from other objects •Described by a set of attributes Basic Structure Formally, given sets D , D , …. relation r is a subset of 1 2 D1 x