lscat汉译英真题-汇总完整版.pdfVIP

lscat 汉译英真题 Ever since Darwin came up with the theory of natural selection,there has beena question--in some quarters,a worry-about whether human beings remain in anymeaningful sense unique creatures.When it comes to things like cognition andlanguage,we operate at far higher levels than other animals do.But are these merelydifferences of degree,as Darwins theory suggests,rather than of kind?Should thehuman faculties that once led us to see ourselves as ontologically special-ourcapacity for moral conduct,our ability to make choices on the basis of reasons 一 beunderstood instead as marking the far end of a continuous spectrum of animalbehavior,all of which can be explained in light of DNA and the evolutionary historythat shaped it? 自从达尔文提出自然选择学说，有些人就一直疑惑，甚至烦恼人类是否从任 何层面来说都是一-种与众不同的动物。我们在认知和语言等方面比其他动物拥 有更高的水平，但就像达尔文理论里所说的，这些仅仅是程度上的差异而非种类 的差异吗?有些能力让我们曾经认为人类在本质上是特别的，比如符合道德的行 为能力和基于理性的选择能力，但这些人类能力难道就能因此被理解成动物连续 行为的终端标志吗?这些动物行为的不同实际上可以从 DNA 差异和历史进化的 观点来解释。 For a great many scientists and science-minded thinkers,the answer is anunequivocal yes.A human being is just a very clever animal.If we do something thatseems at first to defy biological principles(say,heroic self-sacrifice),its only amatter of time before some theory of sexual selection or population genetics willexplain it.Everything we do is an expression of our animal character.Any other viewof human nature is an exercise in magical thinking or sentimentalism. 对于许多科学家和拥有理性思维的人来说，答案是肯定的。人类只是一种非 常聪明的动物。如果我们最初做的事违背生物界规律(像英雄主义的自我牺牲) ， 那用性选择理论或人口遗传学理论来解释该现象只是时间问题。我们每个行为都 能体现我们的动物性，其他有关人性的观点都是想象思维或理性思维的结果。