英语口语语法要点.pdfVIP

英语口语语法要点 英语口语语法和书面语法不大一样，是学习者容易无视和感到 困惑的地方。一起来看看下面五个语法要点吧。 It’s difficult, the exam. 非正式口语中的语法在某些方面与书面语法不同。句子通常不 那么复杂，使用的连词种类更少，也更简单。 【正式的书面语】 While the hotel was of quite a high standard, the food was disappointing. 【非正式的口语】 The hotel was quite good, but the food was disappointing. 信息经常可以分开，以一条一条的形式呈现——句子并非总是 遵循主语—谓语—宾语的语序。 The woman across the road, her brother, well, I was talking to him, and he said… They work very hard, the students. Must dash. 在非正式口语中，经常省略非重读的句子开头。省略的主要是 冠词、物主代词、人称代词、助动词和 be 动词、指示词和引导性的 there is 句型。 Car’s ru ing badly. (=The car’s…) Shoelace is undone. (=My shoelace…) Forgotten the umbrella again. (=He’s forgotten…) You talking to me? (=Are you talking…?) She ready? (=Is she ready?) Must dash. (=I must dash.) Won’t work. (=It won’t work) Be four pounds fifty. (=That’ be…) No reason to panic. (= There’s no reason…) “Get up!” “I am!” 在非正式口语中，经常只用助动词，而不重复较长的表达。 —Get up! —I am. (=I am getting up.) He said he’d write to me, but he hasn’t. (=…he hasn’t written to me.) —Talk louder. —I would if I could, but I can’t. 如果没有可重复的助动词，那么用 do。 She said she would phone, and she did. It’s cold, isn’t it? 在口语或非正式书面语中，附加疑问句 (question tag)常用于 句尾，用于确认某事是否属实，或征求对方同意。 You haven’t seen Joe, have you? This tea isn’t very nice, is it? 否认的附加疑问句通常用缩写形式，如 isn’t it(通常不说 “is it not?”)。在附加疑问句中，am I not 的缩写形式是 “aren’t I?”。 Nice day, isn’t it? I’m late, aren’t I? 答语疑问句 (reply question)的构成为助动词+代词 (与附加疑 问句类似)，表达关注、兴趣或惊奇。 —We had a lovely holiday. —Did you? —Yes, we went… —John likes that girl next door. —Oh, does he? —It was a terrible party. —Was it? —Yes,… 用否认的答语疑问句来答复肯定句，表示加强赞同的语气。 —It was a lovely c