人教版(新教材)高中英语选修3Unit5 Poems精品学案：Grammar—Review of relative clauses(步步高).docxVIP

人教版(新教材)高中英语选择性必修第三册 PAGE PAGE 1 Grammar—Review of relative clauses 语法感知 感知以下课文原句，补全方框下的小题 (1)There are various reasons why people compose poetry. (2)Some of the first poems a young child learns in English are nursery rhymes. (3)One of the simplest kinds of poem is the “list poem”，which contains a list of things，people，ideas，or descriptions that develop a particular theme. (4)List poems have a flexible line length and repeated phrases which give both a pattern and a rhythm to the poem. (5)Another simple form of poem that amateurs can easily write is the cinquain，which is made up of five lines. (6)Haiku is a Japanese form of poetry that consists of 17 syllables. (7)The haiku poem on the right is a translation from Japanese，which shows a moment in the life of a delicate butterfly. 1．在上述句子中，句(1)、(2)、(4)，句(5)的第一处加黑部分和句(6)是限制性定语从句；句(3)的加黑部分和句(5)的第二处加黑部分是非限制性定语从句。 2．句(2)中省略了定语从句的关系词。 3．句(1)中是关系副词引导定语从句；句(3)、(4)、(5)、(6)、(7)都是关系代词引导定语从句。 语法精析 在复合句中，修饰某一名词、代词或整个主句的从句叫定语从句。被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，连接先行词和定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词的主要作用是连接主句和从句，同时指代先行词，并在从句中充当一定的句子成分。关系词分为关系代词和关系副词两种，关系代词有that，which，who，whom，whose等；关系副词有when，where，why。 一、关系代词的用法 who指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语，常可省略；which指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略；that指人时，相当于who或whom；指物时，相当于which；在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略；whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中作定语。 The person that/who tricked me was one of my classmates. 骗我的那个人是我的一个同学。 The old man (that/whom) the girl had tricked was my grandfather. 女孩欺骗的那位老人是我的爷爷。 The gold medal (that/which) she won has been given to her old school. 她曾经获得的那块金牌已经被送给她的母校了。 The woman (that/whom) I read about in the newspaper has just won a gold medal. 我在报纸上读到的那位女士刚刚赢得了一枚金牌。 This is the person whose story surprised everybody. 就是这个人的故事让所有人吃了一惊。 〖温馨提示〗 1．宜用that不宜用which的情况 (1)当先行词是all，little，much，something，anything，everything，nothing，some等不定代词时。 All that can be done has been done. 一切能做的都已经做完了。 (2)当先行词被all，every，some，any，little，much，the only，the very，the right，the last，just等修饰时。 Music is the only thing that interests me. 音乐是唯一令我感兴趣的东西。 (3