微观经济管理学与财务知识分析课件.pdfVIP

C

C

u

u

Q.Howmanyeconomistsdoesittaketo

rscrewinalightbulb?

r

vA.Eight.

v

Onetoscrewitinandseventohold

e

e

everythingelseconstant.

1

m

m

p

p

e

e

vTheconceptofcompetitionisusedintwo

twaysineconomics.

t

i›Competitionasaprocessisarivalryamong

i

firms.

t

t

›Competitionastheperfectlycompetitivemarket

istructure.

i

o

o

n2

n

a

a

s

s

avCompetitioninvolvesonefirmtryingtotake

a

awaymarketsharefromanotherfirm.

vAsaprocess,competitionpervadesthe

P

Peconomy.

r

r

o

o

c

c

3

e

e

M

M

a

a

r

r

vItispossibletoimaginesomethingthatdoes

knotexist–aperfectlycompetitivemarketin

k

ewhichtheinvisiblehandworksunimpeded.

e

t

t

S

S

t

t

M

M

a

a

r

r

vCompetitionistheendresultofthe

kcompetitiveprocessunderhighlyrestrictive

k

eassumptions.

e

tuAperfectlycompetitivemarketisonein

t

whicheconomicforcesoperate

unimpeded.

S

S

t5

t

p

p

e

e

t

t

ivAperfectlycompetitivemarketisonein

i

whicheconomicforcesoperateunimpeded.

t

t

i

i

v

v

e

e

M6

M

p

p

e

e

t

t

ivAperfectlycompetitivemarketmustmeet

i

thefollowingrequirements:

t

tlBothbuyersandsellersarepricetakers.

ilThenumberoffirmsislarge.

i

lTherearenobarrierstoentry.

v

v