2023年考研英语翻译模拟真题及答案 .pdf

2023年考研英语翻译真题及答案

PartC

Directions:

Readthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlined

segmentsintoChinese.YourtranslationshouldbewrittenclearlyonANSWER

SHEET2.(10points)

SincethedaysofAristotle,asearchforuniversalprincipleshas

characterizedthescientificenterprise.Insomeways,thisquestfor

commonalitiesdefinesscience.Newton’slawsofmotionandDarwinian

evolutioneachbindahostofdifferentphenomenaintoasingleexplicatory

framework.

(1)Inphysics,oneapproachtakesthisimpulseforunificationtoitsextreme,

andseeksatheoryofeverything—asinglegenerativeequationforallwesee.It

isbecominglessclear,however,thatsuchatheorywouldbeasimplification,

giventhedimensionsanduniversesthatitmightentail,nonetheless,unification

ofsortsremainsamajorgoal.

Thistendencyinthenaturalscienceshaslongbeenevidentinthesocial

sciencestoo.(2)Here,Darwinismseemstoofferjustificationforitallhumans

sharecommonoriginsitseemsreasonabletosupposethatculturaldiversity

couldalsobetracedtomoreconstrainedbeginnings.Justasthebewildering

varietyofhumancourtshipritualsmightallbeconsideredformsofsexual

selection,perhapstheworld’slanguages,music,socialandreligiouscustoms

andevenhistoryaregovernedbyuniversalfeatures.(3)Tofilteroutwhatis

uniquefromwhatissharedmightenableustounderstandhowcomplex

culturalbehavioraroseandwhatguidesitinevolutionaryorcognitiveterms.

That,atleast,isthehope.Butacomparativestudyoflinguistictraits

publishedonlinetodaysuppliesarealitycheck.RussellGrayattheUniversityof

Aucklandandhiscolleaguesconsidertheevolutionofgrammarsinthelightof

twopreviousattemptstofinduniversalityinlanguage.

ThemostfamousoftheseeffortswasinitiatedbyNoamChomsky,who

suggestedtha