高中英语语法直接引语与间接引语讲解与练习.docxVIP

高中语法：直接引语间接引语

Ⅰ.引导词的选择及语序

陈述句：S+V+that+陈述语序(S+V)

“Thatisthetrouble”,saidBill.

改为：Billsaid thetrouble.

【注】：that可省略，但如果是两个或两个以上的宾语从句并列，则第二个that不可省

略。

Hetoldme(that)hehadfinishedhisworkandthathewouldliketohaveaholiday.

一般疑问句：S+V+if/whether+陈述语序(S+V)Heasked,“Areyouleavingtonight?”

改为：Heaskedus leavingthatnight.

特殊疑问句：S+V+what/who/which/whose/when+陈述语序(S+V)

“Whydidyoulockthedoor?”fathersaidtoAnne.

改为：FatheraskedAnne thedoor.

4.祈使句：S+V+sb.todo/nottodo(1)表示“命令”：tell,order,command(2)表示“请求”：ask,beg,request

(3)表示“建议”：advise,suggest

“Don’tmakenoiseinthelibrary.”theteachersaidtothestudents.

改为：Theteacher thestudents noiseinthe

library.

Ⅱ.时态的一致

主句是过去时，变间接引语时，从句时态向“过去”退一步：

直接引语

直接引语

间接引语

一般现在时

一般过去时

现在进行时

过去进行时

过去进行时

不变

一般过去时

过去完成时

过去完成时

不变

一般将来时

过去将来时

直接引语间接引语Iworkhard.Hesaidthathe hard.Iamworking

直接引语

间接引语

Iworkhard.

Hesaidthathe hard.

Iamworkinghard.

Hesaidthathe hard.

Iwasworkinghard.

Hesaidthathe hard.

Iworkedhard.

Hesaidthathe hard.

Ihadworkedhard.

Hesaidthathe hard.

Iamgoingtoworkhard.

Hesaidthathe hard.

改为：Theteacher noiseinthelibrary.

直接引语中有明确表示过去时间状语的，变成间接引语时时态不变：

WeiFangsaid,“Iwasbornin1994.”

改为：WeiFangsaid bornin1994.

直接引语前面的主句谓语是现在时态，变间接引语时，时态不变：

Hesays,“Ihavebeenmarriedfor3years.”

改为：Hesaidthat for3years.

Ⅲ.人称及状语的变化

人称变化：“一主二宾三不变”

（直接引语中若出现第一人称则看主句主语，第二人称看主句宾语，第三人称无须变）

试观察：

Shesaidtohim,“Iamveryhungry.”

改为：Shetoldhimthatshewasveryhungry.Shesaidtohim,“Youareverynice.”

改为：Shetoldhimthathewasverynice.Shesaidtohim,“Lilyisverynice.”

改为：ShetoldhimthatLilywasverynice.

直接引语间接引语

直接引语

间接引语

this

that

these

those

now

then

today

thatday

tomorrow

thenextday/thefollowingday

yesterday

thedaybefore/thepreviousday

nextyear/week/month

thenextyear/week/month

lastyear/night/week

theyear