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科技类词汇对应阅读
passage1
Asnake﹣robotdesigner,atechnologist,anextradimensionalphysicistandajournalistwalkintoaroom.Thejournalistturnstothecrowdandasks:Shouldwebuildhousesontheocean?Likeathink﹣tankpanel,membersoftheteamdreamupfar﹣outanswerstothecrucialproblem,suchasself﹣drivinghousingunitsthatcouldparkontopofoneanotherinthecoastalcitycenter.
ThesettingisX,theenterprisewhichconsidersmorethan100ideaseachyear,inareasrangingfromcleanenergytoartificialintelligence.Althoughonlyatinypercentagebecomeprojectswithfar﹣reachingcreativity,theseprojectsexist,ultimately,tochangetheworld,likeWaymo,thebiggestself﹣driving﹣carcompany.Inthepast60years,somethingstrangehashappened.Astheacademicstudyofcreativityhasthrived(蓬勃发展),thelabelinnovationmayhavecoveredeverytinychangeofasodacanoratoothpasteflavor,buttherateofproductivitygrowthhasbeenmostlydecliningsincethe1970s.JohnFernald,aneconomist,pointsoutthatthenotableexceptiontothepost﹣1970declineinproductivityoccurredwhenbusinessesthroughouttheeconomyfinallyfiguredoutthebreakthroughtechnology﹣informationtechnology.JohnFernaldsays,Itspossiblethatproductivitytookoff,becausewepickedallthelow﹣hangingfruitfromtheITwave.Actually,theworldeconomycontinuestoharvestthebenefitsofIT.Butwherewillthenexttechnologyshockcomefrom?
Breakthroughtechnologyresultsfromtwodistinctactivities﹣inventionandinnovation.Inventionistypicallytheworkofscientistsandresearchersinlabs,whileinnovationisaninventionputtocommercialuse.Seldomdothetwoactivitiesoccursuccessfullyunderthesameroof.Theytendtothriveinoppositeconditions;whilecompetitionandconsumerchoiceencourageinnovation,inventionhashistoricallyprogressedinlabsthatareprotectedfromthepressuretogenerateprofit.
Allowingwell﹣fundedanddiverseteamstotryto
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