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职称英语必过备考资料
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*第二十二篇RealWorldRobots
Whenyouthinkofarobot，doyouenvisionashiny，metallicdevicehavingthesamegeneralshapeasahumanbeing，performinghumanlikefunctions，andrespondingtoyourquestionsinamonotonevoiceaccentuatedbyhigh-pitchedtonesandbeeps?Thisisthewaymanyofusimaginearobot，butintherealworld，arobotisnothumanoidatall.Insteadarobotoftenisavoiceless，box-shapedmachinethatefficientlycarriesoutrepetitiveordangerousfunctionsusuallyperformedbyhumans.Today’srobotismorethananautomaticmachinethatperformsonetaskagainandagain.Amodernrobotisprogrammedwithvaryingdegreesofartificialintelligence—thatis，arobotcontainsacomputerprogramthattellsithowtoperformtasksassociatedwithhumanintelligence，suchasreasoning，drawingconclusions，andlearningfrompastexperience.
Arobotdoesnotpossessahumanshapeforthesimplereasonthatatwo-leggedrobothasgreatdifficultyremainingbalanced.Arobotdoes，however，movefromplacetoplaceonwheelsandaxlesthatrollandrotate.Arobotevenhaslimbsthatswivelandmoveincombinationwithjointsandmotors.Tofinditswayinitssurroundings1，arobotutilizesvariousbuilt-insensors.Antennaeattachedtotherobot’sbasedetectanythingtheybumpinto.Iftherobotstartstoteeterasitmovesonanincline，agyroscopeorapenduluminsideitsensestheverticaldifferential.Todetermineitsdistancefromanobjectandhowquicklyitwillreachtheobject，therobotbouncesbeamsoflaserlightandultrasonicsoundwavesoffobstructionsinitspath2.Theseandothersensorsconstantlyfeedinformationtothecomputer，whichthenanalyzestheinformationandcorrectsoradjuststherobot’sactions.Asscienceandtechnologyadvance，therobottoowillprogressinitsfunctionsanduseofartificial-intelligenceprograms.
词汇：
envisionv.想象，预想
devicen.装置
accentuatev.强调，
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