外文翻译分析和总结.docxVIP

B.R.Stern

1

andJ.J.Kneiss

2,

1EAEngineering,Science,andTechnology,SilverSpring,MD20910,USA

2OxygenatedFuelsAssociation,Arlington,VA22209,USA

Keywords:methyltertiary-butylether,MTBE,oxygenatedfuels,reformulatedgasoline,health

Oxygenatesareliquidfuelcompoundsthataddoxygento gasolineandhelpreduceharmfulgasolineemissions,whileexpandingthetotalavailablesupplyofmotorfuelsintheUSA.reformulatedwithoxygenatesisamajorsteptowarddevelopingasustainable,cleantransportationfuelforthe21stcentury.Despiteimprovementsinmotorvehicletechnologyoverthepast25years,carsandtrucksremainamajorsourceofairpollutionintheUSA.1Thedevelopmentofreformulatedfuelsispartofacomprehensivenationalstrategyforreducingmotorvehiclepollution,asdescribedinthe1990CleanAirActAmendments.Oxygenatesarecurrentlyusedinmorethan30%oftheUSgasolinepool.Bytheendofthecentury,thisfigureisexpectedtoreachasmuchas70%.

在美国，增氧剂是一种液体燃料，添加于汽油中增氧氧并帮助减少有害汽油排放

量，同时扩大汽车燃料总的可用供应。重新选用增氧剂是21世纪可持续发展和清洁能源的重要一步。尽管在过去的25年机动车辆技术的改进，汽车和卡车仍然是美国空气污染的主要来源。1990年清洁空气法案修正案中指出：重新燃料的发展，是减少机动车污染的全面国家战略的一部分。目前美国含增氧剂汽油占30%以上。本世纪的结束，这一数字预计将达到70%。

Fornearlyacentury,thecompositionofgasolineinUSAhasremainedessentiallyunchanged.Fromtheearly1900suntiltheintroductionofunleadedgasolineintheearly1980s,thecompositionofgasolinewasbasichydrocarbongasolineplusaleadadditivetoincreaseoctanerating,withseasonalvaporpressureadjustmentsforbothwinterandsummertemperatures.However,duringthepastdecade,gasolineproducersincooperationwithfederalandstateagencieshavebeendevelopingreformulatedgasolines汽油whichareintendedtoreduceharmfulpollution,andsustainengineperformance,gooddriveability操控性andconsumeracceptance.

近一个世纪以来，在美国汽油的组成基本未变。从20世纪初直到八十年代初

引进无铅汽油前，汽油的组成是基本烃汽油加铅添加剂提高辛烷值，无论冬天和夏天季节温度引起的蒸汽压变化。但是，在过去的十年期间，汽油生产商与联邦和州政府机构合作有发展重组汽油，旨在减少有害的污