Context英语语用学市公开课一等奖省赛课微课金奖课件.pptx

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YanlingTang;AnIntroductiontoPragmatics

ACourseforB.A.Students

Instructor:

Prof.TangYanling

唐燕玲;Context;Outline;;;Part2:Ageneraldescriptionofcontext;Physicalcontext:wecanthinkofthisintermsofwheretheconversationistakingplace,whatobjectsarepresent,whatactionsareoccurring,andsoforth.

Epistemiccontext:theepistemiccontextreferstowhatspeakersknowabouttheworld.Forexample,whatbackgroundknowledgesharedbythespeakersiscruciallypartofourepistemicknowledgewhenwehaveaconversationwithsomeoneelse.;Linguisticcontext:thelinguisticcontextreferstowhathasbeensaidalreadyintheutterance.Forexample,ifIbeginadiscussionbyreferringtoJaneSmithandinthenextsentencerefertoherasbeingatopnotchathlete,thelinguisticcontextletsmeknowthattheantecedentofher(thepersonherrefersto)isJaneSmith.

Socialcontext:thesocialcontextreferstothesocialrelationshipamongspeakersandhearers.

;Example:

ThinkaboutthediscussionofthelibrarysceneinLanguageFiles.Twopeoplecomeintoalibraryandtheyaretalkingreallyloud.Theysitatyourtableandcontinuetheirbabbling.So,youlookupatthemandsay:

Excuseme,couldyoupleasespeakupabitmore?Imissedwhatyousaid.

;

Whatdoweknowpragmaticallyaboutyourutterance?Whatcontributestoourunderstandingofwhyitsliteralmeaning(i.e.pleasespeakup)departssomuchfromwhatitsintendedmeaningis(i.e.shutup!)?Considersomeofthecontextualpropertiesoftheutterance.

;physical:

theconversationoccursinalibrary

epistemic:

librariesarequietplaces

linguistic:

sarcastictoneofvoice(intonationcuesarelinguistic)

socialcontext:

youhavetherighttoasksomeonetobequietinaplacewherepeoplearesupposedtobequiet,especiallyiftheirrule-breaking