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1DecisionPropertiesofRegularLanguagesGeneralDiscussionof“Properties”ThePumpingLemmaMembership,Emptiness,Etc.
2PropertiesofLanguageClassesAlanguageclassisasetoflanguages.Example:theregularlanguages.Languageclasseshavetwoimportantkindsofproperties:Decisionproperties.Closureproperties.
3ClosurePropertiesAclosurepropertyofalanguageclasssaysthatgivenlanguagesintheclass,anoperation(e.g.,union)producesanotherlanguageinthesameclass.Example:theregularlanguagesareobviouslyclosedunderunion,concatenation,and(Kleene)closure.UsetheRErepresentationoflanguages.
4RepresentationofLanguagesRepresentationscanbeformalorinformal.Example(formal):representalanguagebyaREorFAdefiningit.Example:(informal):alogicalorprosestatementaboutitsstrings:{0n1n|nisanonnegativeinteger}“Thesetofstringsconsistingofsomenumberof0’sfollowedbythesamenumberof1’s.”
5DecisionPropertiesAdecisionpropertyforaclassoflanguagesisanalgorithmthattakesaformaldescriptionofalanguage(e.g.,aDFA)andtellswhetherornotsomepropertyholds.Example:IslanguageLempty?
6WhyDecisionProperties?ThinkaboutDFA’srepresentingprotocols.Example:“Doestheprotocolterminate?”=“Isthelanguagefinite?”Example:“Cantheprotocolfail?”=“Isthelanguagenonempty?”Makethefinalstatebethe“error”state.
7WhyDecisionProperties–(2)Wemightwanta“smallest”representationforalanguage,e.g.,aminimum-stateDFAorashortestRE.Ifyoucan’tdecide“Arethesetwolanguagesthesame?”I.e.,dotwoDFA’sdefinethesamelanguage? Youcan’tfinda“smallest.”
8TheMembershipProblemOurfirstdecisionpropertyforregularlanguagesisthequestion:“isstringwinregularlanguageL?”AssumeLisrepresentedbyaDFAA.SimulatetheactionofAonthesequenceofinputsymbolsformingw.
9Example:TestingMembershipStart10ACB100,101011NextsymbolCurrentstate
10Example:Testing
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