基础化学基础化学 (5).doc

ExtraProblemsforChapter5,fromCollegeChemistry,page124

Problems

1Writetheformulasfortheconjugatebasesofthefollowingacids:(a)HCN,(b)HCO3-,(c)N2H5+,(d)CH3CH2OH

Ans.(a)CN-,(b)CO32-,(c)N2H4,(d)CH3CH2O-

2Writetheformulasfortheconjugateacidsofthefollowingbases:(a)CH3COOH,(b)HCO3-,(c)C5H5N,(d)N2H5+.

Ans.(a)CH3C(OH)2+,(b)H2CO3,(c)C5H5NH+,(d)N2H62+

3Considerthereaction,CO2(g)+OH-(aq)?HCO3-(aq).Accordingtowhichsetofdefinitionsisthisanacid-basereaction?Whichistheacid?

Ans.CO2actsasaLewisacid

4DH0fortheionizationofwater(eq.(13-3))is55.90kJ.CalculateKwat37°C.WhatisthepHofpurewaterat37°C?

Ans.2.4×10-14,pH=6.81

5Whataretheconcentrationsof(a)H3PO4and(b)PO43-inthebuffersolutionofExample5?

Ans.(a)8.1×10-7,(b)8.2×10-8M

6Calculatethemolarconcentrationatwhichanaceticacidsolutionis2.0%ionized.

Ans.0.043M

7Asolutioncontains0.0100Mchloroaceticacid,ClCH2COOH,Ka=1.40×10-3,and0.0020Msodiumchloroacetate.WhatisthepH?

Ans.pH=2.62

8CalculatetheconcentrationsofH3O+,CH3COOH,andCH3CO2-inasolutioncontaining0.100Maceticacidand0.050MHCl.

Ans.0.050,0.100,3.5×10-5M,respectively

9CalculatethepHandpOHofa0.0100MsolutionofNH3.

Ans.pH=10.62,pOH=3.38

10CalculatethepHandpOHofa0.0100MsolutionofNH4Cl.

Ans.pH=5.63,pOH=8.37

1125.0mLof0.10MHClOistitratedwith0.10MNaOH.ComputethepHwhen(a)0,(b)6.25,(c)12.5,(d)18.75,and(e)25.00mLofNaOHsolutionhasbeenadded.

Ans.(a)4.26,(b)7.05,(c)7.53,(d)8.01,(e)10.11

12Thebaseimidazole,Kb=1.11×10-7,istobeusedtoprepareasolutionbufferedtopH7.00.Whatvolumesof0.0200MHCland0.0200Mimiazoleshouldbemixedtoprepare100mLofbuffersolution?

Ans.65.5mLbase,34.5mlacid

13ThepHtitrationcurveforthetitrationof25mLofasolutionofCH3NH2with0.10MHClisshow