微积分：六个不定积分计算步骤习题集模板.docVIP

微积分：六个数学不定积分计算步骤

1.计算eq\i(,,\f(MERGEFIELDa1116x-MERGEFIELDa1235,MERGEFIELDa138x2-MERGEFIELDa1235x+MERGEFIELDa1435))dx。

解：观察积分函数特征，对于积分函数的分母有(MERGEFIELDa138x2-MERGEFIELDa1235x+MERGEFIELDa1435)=MERGEFIELDa1116x-MERGEFIELDa1235，刚好是分母表达式，故本题可以用积分公式eq\i(,,\f(dx,x))=lnx+c来变形计算。

eq\i(,,\f(MERGEFIELDa1116x-MERGEFIELDa1235,MERGEFIELDa138x2-MERGEFIELDa1235x+MERGEFIELDa1435))dx=eq\i(,,\f(d(MERGEFIELDa138x2-MERGEFIELDa1235x),MERGEFIELDa138x2-MERGEFIELDa1235x+MERGEFIELDa1435))

=eq\i(,,\f(d(MERGEFIELDa138x2-MERGEFIELDa1235x+MERGEFIELDa1435),MERGEFIELDa138x2-MERGEFIELDa1235x+MERGEFIELDa1435))=ln|MERGEFIELDa138x2-MERGEFIELDa1235x+MERGEFIELDa1435|+C。

2.计算eq\i(,,(MERGEFIELDb1119x2-MERGEFIELDb125)2)dx.

解：对此类型总体思路是降次积分，有两种思路，思路一是将积分函数2次幂展开，再分别计算不定积分，即：

eq\i(,,(MERGEFIELDb1119x2-MERGEFIELDb125)2)dx

=eq\i(,,(MERGEFIELDb11192x?-MERGEFIELDb13190x2+MERGEFIELDb1252))dx,

=eq\i(,,MERGEFIELDb11192x?dx)-eq\i(,,MERGEFIELDb13190x2dx)+eq\i(,,MERGEFIELDb1252dx),

=eq\f(1,5)*MERGEFIELDb11192x?-eq\f(1,3)*MERGEFIELDb13190x3+MERGEFIELDb1252x+C.

思路二：通过分部积分进行计算，有：

eq\i(,,(MERGEFIELDb1119x2-MERGEFIELDb125)2)dx

=(MERGEFIELDb1119x2-MERGEFIELDb125)2x-eq\i(,,xd(MERGEFIELDb1119x2-MERGEFIELDb125)2)，

=(MERGEFIELDb1119x2-MERGEFIELDb125)2x-4*MERGEFIELDb1119eq\i(,,x2(MERGEFIELDb1119x2-MERGEFIELDb125))dx，

=(MERGEFIELDb1119x2-MERGEFIELDb125)2x-4*MERGEFIELDb1119eq\i(,,(MERGEFIELDb1119x?-MERGEFIELDb125x2)dx)，

=(MERGEFIELDb1119x2-MERGEFIELDb125)2x-4*MERGEFIELDb11192eq\i(,,x?dx)+4*MERGEFIELDb1119*MERGEFIELDb125eq\i(,,x2dx),

=(MERGEFIELDb1119x2-MERGEFIELDb125)2x-eq\f(4,5)*MERGEFIELDb11192x?+eq\f(2,3)*MERGEFIELDb13190x3+C。

3.积分eq\i(,,\f(dx,(x2-MERGEFIELDc1142x+MERGEFIELDc12519)))的计算。

解：根据积分函数的特点，分母看作成二次函数，则判别式△=MERGEFIELDc11422-4*MERGEFIELDc12519＜0,即与x轴没有交点，故分母函数可以通过配方得到形如(x-a)2+c的形式