温室大棚控制系统外文翻译.docVIP

温室大棚控制系统外文翻译

外文文献及译文

学院：电气与控制工程学院

班级：测控技术与仪器1002班

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The?single-chip?microcomputer?is?the?culmination?of?both?the?development?of?the?digital?computer?and?the?integrated?circuit?arguably?the?tow?most?significant?inventions?of?the?20th?century??.These?tow?types?of?architecture?are?found?in?single-chip?microcomputer.?Some?employ?the?split?program/data?memory?of?the?Harvard?architecture,?others?follow?the?philosophy,?widely?adapted?for?general-purpose?computers?and?microprocessors,?of?making?no?logical?distinction?between?program?and?data?memory?as?in?the?Princeton?architecture.In?general?terms?a?single-chip?microcomputer?is?characterized?by?the?incorporation?of?all?the?units?of?a?computer?into?a?single?device.?

ROM?is?usually?for?the?permanent,?non-volatile?storage?of?an?applications?program?.Many?microcomputers?and?microcontrollers?are?intended?for?high-volume?applications?and?hence?the?economical?manufacture?of?the?devices?requires?that?the?contents?of?the?program?memory?be?committed?permanently?during?the?manufacture?of?chips?.?Clearly,?this?implies?a?rigorous?approach?to?ROM?code?development?since?changes?cannot?be?made?after?manufacture?.This?development?process?may?involve?emulation?using?a?sophisticated?development?system?with?a?hardware?emulation?capability?as?well?as?the?use?of?powerful?software?tools.?

Some?manufacturers?provide?additional?ROM?options?by?including?in?their?range?devices?with?(or?intended?for?use?with)?user?programmable?memory.?The?simplest?of?these?is?usually?device?which?can?operate?in?a?microprocessor?mode?by?using?some?of?the?input/output?lines?as?an?address?and?data?bus?for?accessing?external?memory.?This?type?of?device?can?behave?functionally?as?the?single?chip?microcomputer?from?which?it?is?derived?albeit?with?restricted?I/O?and?a?modified?external?circuit.?The?use?of?these?ROM?less?devices?is?common?even?in?production?circuits?where?the?volume?does?not?justify?the?