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Linguistics语言学,thestudyofhumanlanguage。包括Theoreticallinguistics,Appliedlinguistics,
Sociolinguistics,Cognitivelinguistics和Historicallinguistics。这里主要考Theoreticallinguistics,包
括:
1.Lexis词汇学,thestudyofwhatisawordandwherewordscomefrom
2.Semantics语义学,thestudyofmeaninginalanguage
3.Phonetics语音学,thestudyofspeechsounds(voice).
4.Phonology音位学/音系学,thestudyofhowsoundsareputtogetherandusedtoconveymeaningin
communication
5.Morphology形态学,thestudyofthestructureandformofwordsandphrases
6.Syntax句法学,thestudyoftherules,orororthatgovernthewaythewordsina
sentencecometogether,与morphology形态学并称grammer语法学
7.Stylistics文体学,thestudyofstyleusedinliterary,andverballanguageandtheeffectthe
writer/speakerwishestocommunicatetothereader/hearer.
8.Pragmatics语用学,generallythestudyofnaturallanguageunderstanding,andspecificallythestudyof
howcontextinfluencestheinterpretationofmeanings.
补充:generallinguistics,thestudyofthestructureanddevelopmentoflanguageingeneral
Chapter1Introduction
Ⅰ.DecidewhethereachofthefollowingstatementsisTrueorFalse:
1.Linguisticsisgenerallydefinedasthescientificstudyoflanguage.T
2.Linguisticsstudiesparticularlanguage,notlanguagesingeneral.F
3.Ascientificstudyoflanguageisbasedonwhatthelinguistthinks.F
4.Inthestudyoflinguistics,hypothesesformedshouldbebasedonlanguagefactsandcheckedagainst
theobservedfacts.T
5.Generallinguisticsisgenerallythestudyoflanguageasawhole.T
6.Generallinguistics,whichrelatesitselftotheresearchofotherareas,studiesthebasicconcepts,
theories,descriptions,modelsandmethodsapplicableinanylinguisticstudy.T
7.Phoneticsisdifferentfromphonologyinthatthelatterstudiesthecombinationso
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