定语从句及被动语态课件.pptVIP

TheAttributiveClause定语从句

1.定义：在复合句中用来修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。2.先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先行词（antecedent）。引导定语从句的词3.关系代词、关系副词：关系代词：Who,whom,whose,which,that等关系副词：When,where,why等

关系代词和关系副词的作用：Eg:1.Thosewhowanttogopleasesignyournameshere.2.Thisisthehousewherehewasborn.3.Bill,whowashereyesterday,askedmealotofquestions.1、引导作用2、替代作用3、在定语从句中担当某个成分的作用

关系代词的用法指代所作成分是否可省略ThatWhichWho人；物主语；宾语作宾语可省主语；宾语作宾语可省物人作宾语可省主语；宾语宾语Whomwhose人可省人、物定语不可省

关系副词的用法指代所作成分是否可省略When时间地点原因状语状语状语否Where否否why

判断下列引导词在句中的用法指代、所作成分、是否可省略Eg:1.Heissuchamanwhonevertellsalie.2.Heisthemodelworkerwhom/whoweshouldlearnfrom.3.Adictionaryisabookwhichoftenhelpsustoknowthemeaningsofthewords.4.ThisisthefilmwhichIlikebest.5.Theboywhosefatherisaprofessorisoneofmybestfriends.

6.Thehousewhoseroofwasblownawaybythestormwillberebuiltsoon.7.Itwas11o’clockwhentheaccidenthappenedlastnight.8.ThisisthevillagewhereIwasbroughtup.

关系代词which和that的区别：A.关系代词必须用that的情形：ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen.Thefirstmanthatarrivedattheclasswasourheadteacher.ThisistheonlyticketthatIgotyesterday.ThisistheverybookthatI’mlookingfor.IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou?Allthatyouhavetodoistopressthebutton.Thereisnotimethatwecanwaste.Thecaranditsdriverthatknockeddowntheoldladyhavebeentakentothepolicestation.Thestudentthatwaspunishedisthemonitorwhostudieshard.Whoisthepersonthatisstandingatthegate.

Summarize:只能用that引导定语从句的几种情况1)先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰时。2）先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修饰时。3)先行词是不定代词all,few,little,much,something,nothing,anything等.4）先行词被all,any,every,each,few,little,no,some等修饰。5）先行词既有人又有物时。6)如果有两个定语从句,应避免重复7)当句中已有who/which时,定语从句要用that而不用who(m)/which

B.指物时，作介词的宾语，关系代词只能用whichThisisthequestionaboutwhichwe’vehadsomuchdiscussion.

当关系代词that用来代人时，关系代词who和that在许多情况下可以通用。但有时须用who，而不用that：a．先行词是one，ones，anyone和those时，须用who。如：O