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41:ParametricEquations?ChristineCrisp“TeachALevelMaths”
Vol.2:A2CoreModules
ModuleC4Certainimagesand/orphotosonthispresentationarethecopyrightedpropertyofJupiterImagesandarebeingusedwithpermissionunderlicense.Theseimagesand/orphotosmaynotbecopiedordownloadedwithoutpermissionfromJupiterImages
TheCartesianequationofacurveinaplaneisanequationlinkingxandy.Someoftheseequationscanbewritteninawaythatiseasiertodifferentiatebyusing2equations,onegivingxandonegivingy,bothintermsofa3rdvariable,theparameter.Letterscommonlyusedforparametersares,tandq.(qisoftenusediftheparameterisanangle.)e.gs.
ConvertingbetweenCartesianandParametricformsWeuseparametricequationsbecausetheyaresimpler,soweonlyconverttoCartesianifaskedtodoso!e.g.1ChangethefollowingtoaCartesianequationandsketchitsgraph:Solution:Weneedtoeliminatetheparametert.Wesubstitutefortfromtheeasierequation:Subst.in
TheCartesianequationisWeusuallywritethisasEither,wecansketchusingagraphicalcalculatorwithandenteringthegraphin2parts.Or,wecannoticethattheequationisquadraticwithxandyswappedoverfromthemoreusualform.
ThesketchisThecurveiscalledaparabola.Also,theparametricequationsshowthatastincreases,xincreasesfasterthany.
e.g.2ChangethefollowingtoaCartesianequation:Solution:Weneedtoeliminatetheparameterq.BUTqappearsin2forms:asandso,weneedalinkbetweenthese2forms.Whichtrigidentitylinksand?ANS:Toeliminateqwesubstituteintothisexpression.
Multiplyby9:esSo,N.B.=notWehaveacircle,centre(0,0),radius3.
SincewerecognisethecircleinCartesianform,it’seasytosketch.However,ifwecouldn’teliminatetheparameterordidn’trecognisethecurvehavingdoneit,wecansketchfromtheparametricform.IfyouaretakingEdexcely
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