大学跨文化英语教材答案.pdf

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大学跨文化英语教材答案

Unit1:IntroductiontoCross-CulturalCommunication

SectionA:UnderstandingCulture

1.Whatisculture?

Culturereferstothesharedbeliefs,values,customs,behaviors,and

artifactsthatcharacterizeagrouporsociety.Itincludesbothmaterialand

non-materialaspects.

2.Howdoescultureinfluencecommunication?

Cultureinfluencescommunicationbyshapingthewayweperceive,

interpret,andexpressverbalandnonverbalmessages.Italsoaffectsour

attitudestowardstime,space,relationships,andsocialnorms.

SectionB:CulturalDimensions

1.HofstedesCulturalDimensions

Hofstedeidentifiedfiveculturaldimensionsthatcanhelpusunderstand

culturaldifferences:

-PowerDistance:Theextenttowhichasocietyacceptsunequal

distributionofpower.

-Individualismvs.Collectivism:Thefocusonindividualgoalsvs.group

harmonyandinterdependence.

-Masculinityvs.Femininity:Theemphasisonassertiveness,

competition,andmaterialsuccessvs.cooperationandqualityoflife.

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-UncertaintyAvoidance:Theextenttowhichasocietytolerates

ambiguity,uncertainty,andrisk.

-Long-Termvs.Short-TermOrientation:Thefocusonfuturerewards

andpersistencevs.traditionandimmediategratification.

2.TrompenaarsCulturalDimensions

Trompenaarsproposedsevenculturaldimensionsthatcomplement

Hofstedesmodel:

-Universalismvs.Particularism:Theemphasisonrulesandstandardsvs.

flexibilityandrelationships.

-Individualismvs.Communitarianism:Theimportanceofpersonal

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