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2024年被动语态知识点.doc

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被动語态

一、基本构造:be+done(动詞过去分詞)

一般目前時:am/is/are+done

一般过去時:was/were+done

一般未来時:willbe/begoingtobe+done

目前进行時:am/is/arebeing+done

过去进行時:was/werebeing+done

目前完毕時:have/hasbeen+done

过去完毕時:hadbeen+done

含情态动詞:情态动詞+bedone

二、例句

1.一般目前時:

Maryislovedbyallherfamily.

I’mwelltakencareofbymyparents.(含介詞的动詞短語,介詞不可以掉)

2.一般过去時:

TheletterwaswritteninSpanish.

Manyhousesweredestroyedintheearthquake.

3.一般未来時:

Theworkwillbefinishedin2minutes.

Theproblemisgoingtobediscussedinthemeeting.

4.目前进行時;

Thenewlibraryisbeingbuiltinourschool.

Thecaraccidentisbeinglookedinto.

5.过去进行時:

Thelibrarywasbeingbuiltlastyear.

TheboywasbeingcriticizedwhenIpassedby.

6.目前完毕時:

Alltheworkhasbeenfinishedbynow.

Manytreeshavebeenplantedsofar.

7.过去完毕時:

Thefirehadbeenputoutwhenthefirefightersarrived.

Aplanhadbeenmadebeforehecame.

8.含情态动詞被动:

Thecomputermayberepairedbytomorrow.

Yourworkmustbefinishedbytomorrow.

三、注意

1.连系动詞sound,taste,feel,look,appear,seem等无被动語态,可用积极形式表达被动意义:

Theironfeelscold.

Thewaterfeelshot.

Theclothfeelssoft.

Thedishtastesdelicious.

Heseemsworried.

Theideasoundsgood.

2.wash,write,sell等可用来表达主語内在性能或品质,常用积极形式体現被动意义。

Mynewcoatwasheseasily.

Thepenwriteswell.

Hanhan’sbookssellwell.

3.表达“发生”的詞无被动。

Theaccidenthappenedthismorning.

Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinmyhometowninthelast5years.

4.need/want/require表达“需要”時,积极形式体現被动意义,既need/want/requiredoing=need/want/requiretobedone“(某物)需要(被)……”

Yourshoesneedwashing.

Theclassroomissodirty.Itneedscleaningnow.

5.动詞hear/listento,let,make,see/watch/observe积极語态不带to,使用被动語态時要还原to

Theteacherletusdosomeexercises.

—Wewerelettodosomeexercises.

Hisfathermadehimdohousework.

—Hewasmadetodohousework.

Isawhimpaint.

—Hewasseentopaint.

Iheardagirlsing.

—Agirlwasheardtosing.

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