2023-2024学年全国初三上物理人教版期中考试试卷(含答案解析).docx

专业课原理概述部分

一、选择题：5道（每题1分，共5分）

1.Abodyismovingwithconstantspeedinacircularpath.Whatisthedirectionofitsacceleration?

A.Tangentialtothepath

B.Radialtothecenterofthecircle

C.Paralleltothepath

D.Perpendiculartothepath

2.Aresistorisconnectedtoabattery.Iftheresistanceisdoubled,whathappenstothecurrent?

A.Itdoubles

B.Ithalves

C.Itremainsthesame

D.Itincreasesafactoroffour

3.Asimplependulumisreleasedfromasmallangle.Whatistherestoringforcethatbringsitbacktoitsequilibriumposition?

A.Gravity

B.Tensioninthestring

C.Friction

D.Airresistance

4.Acarismovingwithaconstantvelocity.Whatisthenetforceactingonthecar?

A.Zero

B.Equaltotheweightofthecar

C.Equaltothemassofthecar

D.Equaltotheaccelerationofthecar

5.Apositivelychargedparticleisplacedinauniformmagneticfield.Whatisthedirectionoftheforceactingontheparticle?

A.Paralleltothemagneticfield

B.Perpendiculartothemagneticfield

C.Oppositetothemagneticfield

D.Alongthedirectionofmotionoftheparticle

二、判断题5道（每题1分，共5分）

1.Theaccelerationofabodyisalwaysinthesamedirectionasitsvelocity.()

2.Thecurrentthrougharesistorisdirectlyproportionaltothevoltageacrossit.()

3.Asimplependulumisasimpleharmonicoscillator.()

4.Thenetforceactingonabodyatrestisalwayszero.()

5.Theforceonachargedparticleinamagneticfieldisalwaysperpendiculartoitsvelocity.()

三、填空题5道（每题1分，共5分）

1.TheunitofforceintheInternationalSystemofUnits(SI)isthe______.

2.TheaccelerationduetogravityonthesurfaceoftheEarthisapproximately______m/s2.

3.Theformulaforthemagneticforceonachargedparticlemovinginamagneticfieldisgiven______.

4.TheunitofresistanceintheSIsystemisthe______.

5.TheSIunitofenergyisthe______.

四、简答题5道（每题2分，共10分）

1.DefineNewtonsfirstlawofmotion.

2.Whatisthedifferenc